Today, many new urban areas, such as cities, towns, villages, or districts, are being built worldwide and their completion requires the development of a number of infrastructures. Traditionally, these infrastructures are planned in parallel. However, increased environmental awareness is pushing cities to improve their environmental performance. One way to do so is by systems integration (e.g. connecting drinking water pumping with energy production). The aim of this paper is to show how different actor networks lead to different process of integration. We especially focus on the influence of actor participation during the design phase. To do so, two case studies are presented: Hammarby Sjöstad in Sweden and EVALanxmeer in the Netherlands.