EM
Etienne Magri
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5 records found
1
The control of glare in office environments is often improvised retrospectively using shading devices, typically internal blinds. Consequently, views are blocked, and artificial lighting loads are increased. Today’s glazing technology, particularly that of the IGU (insulated glazing unit) delivers much of the expected performance in terms of heat transfer and indoor natural lighting, but occupant glare discomfort is commonplace, particularly in climates with high solar insolation. This paper provides a preliminary assessment of the visual performance of a novel glazing assembly comprising of two, independently switchable solar-PDLC (solar Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal) and SPD (Suspended Particle Device). These switchable interlayer films are intended to control the visible light transmittance into an indoor space. The outcomes of this study will guide the order and assembly combination of a prototype IGU for future full-scale testing from both visual and thermal comfort perspectives. Using a novel scale model approach to represent a typical indoor space with a high glazing ratio and a luminance photometer, the Daylight Glare Probability (DGP) provided by the different states and positioning of the switchable glazing are compared to that provided by conventional static glass under identical field test conditions. Comparisons of the visual appearance of the potential combinations of these technologies were also investigated relative to an unshaded glazing configuration, to assess the ability of switchable films to instantly convert transparent openings into opaque, wall-like elements. The results indicate that the scale-model approach was effective for such preliminary investigations and that more specifically, such a combined switchable glazing assembly does have the potential for reducing glare, and thus merits further investigation in a full-scale study.
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The control of glare in office environments is often improvised retrospectively using shading devices, typically internal blinds. Consequently, views are blocked, and artificial lighting loads are increased. Today’s glazing technology, particularly that of the IGU (insulated glazing unit) delivers much of the expected performance in terms of heat transfer and indoor natural lighting, but occupant glare discomfort is commonplace, particularly in climates with high solar insolation. This paper provides a preliminary assessment of the visual performance of a novel glazing assembly comprising of two, independently switchable solar-PDLC (solar Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal) and SPD (Suspended Particle Device). These switchable interlayer films are intended to control the visible light transmittance into an indoor space. The outcomes of this study will guide the order and assembly combination of a prototype IGU for future full-scale testing from both visual and thermal comfort perspectives. Using a novel scale model approach to represent a typical indoor space with a high glazing ratio and a luminance photometer, the Daylight Glare Probability (DGP) provided by the different states and positioning of the switchable glazing are compared to that provided by conventional static glass under identical field test conditions. Comparisons of the visual appearance of the potential combinations of these technologies were also investigated relative to an unshaded glazing configuration, to assess the ability of switchable films to instantly convert transparent openings into opaque, wall-like elements. The results indicate that the scale-model approach was effective for such preliminary investigations and that more specifically, such a combined switchable glazing assembly does have the potential for reducing glare, and thus merits further investigation in a full-scale study.
Existing buildings with large glazing ratios within subtropical Mediterranean climates face substantial challenges for thermal and visual control of their indoor environment. Previous research by the same authors has already identified the potential of incorporating both solar–PDLC (polymer-dispersed liquid crystal) and SPD (suspended particle device) switchable films within facades exposed to high solar insolation to provide a wide dynamic range of visual transparencies. This paper identifies a novel application for switchable laminates within a dynamic external shading device that permits the casting of a shadow on demand onto existing fenestration. This study compares the degree of glare within an enclosed space attained by a conventional opaque overhang over a window to that achieved with glass shading overhangs incorporating two types of switchable films. Using a scale model in a field test setting, indoor illumination and glare measurements are investigated under different states of switchable films and compared to those provided by conventional static glazing, with and without ordinary external overhangs under identical field test conditions. Results show that switchable overhangs in their transparent/bleached state can allow the ingress of daylight without creating excessive glare, whereas in their translucent/tinted state, switchable shades can deliver a level of glare protection similar to that provided by an opaque shading overhang.
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Existing buildings with large glazing ratios within subtropical Mediterranean climates face substantial challenges for thermal and visual control of their indoor environment. Previous research by the same authors has already identified the potential of incorporating both solar–PDLC (polymer-dispersed liquid crystal) and SPD (suspended particle device) switchable films within facades exposed to high solar insolation to provide a wide dynamic range of visual transparencies. This paper identifies a novel application for switchable laminates within a dynamic external shading device that permits the casting of a shadow on demand onto existing fenestration. This study compares the degree of glare within an enclosed space attained by a conventional opaque overhang over a window to that achieved with glass shading overhangs incorporating two types of switchable films. Using a scale model in a field test setting, indoor illumination and glare measurements are investigated under different states of switchable films and compared to those provided by conventional static glazing, with and without ordinary external overhangs under identical field test conditions. Results show that switchable overhangs in their transparent/bleached state can allow the ingress of daylight without creating excessive glare, whereas in their translucent/tinted state, switchable shades can deliver a level of glare protection similar to that provided by an opaque shading overhang.
Switchable glazing has made great strides to increase its potential of being deployed in adaptive building facades. These can provide shading solutions in climates with high solar insolation without compromising outlook and views, while allowing for privacy on demand. This paper further builds on previous knowledge and investigates the potential of a novel switchable assembly, comprising a dual dynamic solar-PDLC (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal) and SPD (Suspended Particle Device) films, deployed in a side-lit, scale model setup for field testing. Using a comparative approach with static glazing, luminance photometry is used to determine the Daylight Glare Probability (DGP) provided by the different states of the switchable glazing. The measurements obtained assess the ability of this novel assembly of switchable films, to provide for privacy and glare control through the conversion of windows into opaque elements.
...
Switchable glazing has made great strides to increase its potential of being deployed in adaptive building facades. These can provide shading solutions in climates with high solar insolation without compromising outlook and views, while allowing for privacy on demand. This paper further builds on previous knowledge and investigates the potential of a novel switchable assembly, comprising a dual dynamic solar-PDLC (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal) and SPD (Suspended Particle Device) films, deployed in a side-lit, scale model setup for field testing. Using a comparative approach with static glazing, luminance photometry is used to determine the Daylight Glare Probability (DGP) provided by the different states of the switchable glazing. The measurements obtained assess the ability of this novel assembly of switchable films, to provide for privacy and glare control through the conversion of windows into opaque elements.
Switchable Glazing in a Mediterranean Climate
Preliminary Investigation of a Novel Switchable Glazing Assembly
The control of glare in office environments is often retrospectively improvised using shading devices, typically internal blinds. Despite the leap towards energy efficiency goals, visual comfort is still being compromised in climates with high solar insolation resulting in intolerable glare. This paper discusses the visual performance of a novel glazing assembly comprising of two, independently switchable (solar Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal and Suspended Particle Device) interlayers intended to control the visible light transmittance into an indoor space. Readings of DGP in a full-scale test cell are presented together with an analysis of the visual appearance of the glass.
...
The control of glare in office environments is often retrospectively improvised using shading devices, typically internal blinds. Despite the leap towards energy efficiency goals, visual comfort is still being compromised in climates with high solar insolation resulting in intolerable glare. This paper discusses the visual performance of a novel glazing assembly comprising of two, independently switchable (solar Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal and Suspended Particle Device) interlayers intended to control the visible light transmittance into an indoor space. Readings of DGP in a full-scale test cell are presented together with an analysis of the visual appearance of the glass.
The design trend of most commercial and office buildings over the past three decades focused on attaining a façade design with the highest possible window to wall ratio. Whereas this approach appears to satisfy the aesthetic scope of developing buildings that look ‘modern and transparent’ to maximise on real estate value, the demand for heating and cooling of these buildings tends to fall short of what one should expect. Literature review shows the possible benefits of switchable glass. This paper proposes a methodology for a novel switchable glazing assembly identified as having the potential of offering increased occupant comfort, particularly in providing sufficient daylight and glare control without diminishing the view quality. The hypothesis is that switchable glazing may have a substantial potential to achieve lower cooling loads and improved indoor visual comfort without compromising views and a positive outlook.
...
The design trend of most commercial and office buildings over the past three decades focused on attaining a façade design with the highest possible window to wall ratio. Whereas this approach appears to satisfy the aesthetic scope of developing buildings that look ‘modern and transparent’ to maximise on real estate value, the demand for heating and cooling of these buildings tends to fall short of what one should expect. Literature review shows the possible benefits of switchable glass. This paper proposes a methodology for a novel switchable glazing assembly identified as having the potential of offering increased occupant comfort, particularly in providing sufficient daylight and glare control without diminishing the view quality. The hypothesis is that switchable glazing may have a substantial potential to achieve lower cooling loads and improved indoor visual comfort without compromising views and a positive outlook.