The main objective of this exploratory study is to provide further insight in the environmental impacts resulting from large scale biofuel utilisation in a national context. This study tries to quantify the environmental impacts of the feedstock production stage and the feedstock to fuel stage in biofuel production in a cradle-to gate format. Due to limitations these were studied separately in the same context, with the main focus on the feedstock production phase. Additionally, this study investigates the total energy and subsequent feedstock demands of biofuels in the context of the Netherlands. The main insights of this exploratory study are that large scale biofuel utilisation in the Dutch maritime sector requires large quantities of additional biomass feedstock in the context of the Netherlands. The environmental impacts of feedstock production required for biofuel production should be considered debating biofuel production and can be mitigated by utilising alternative generation feedstocks, such as byproducts and wastes as feedstocks. In order to assess the environmental impacts of biofuels, there is need for comprehensive environmental analysis of wide arrays of feedstocks in combination with production methods concerning biofuel conversion.