The construction sector is responsible as one of the largest emitters of carbon and nitrogen, and as a user of water. In addition, it is a linear construction process that creates new materials from non-renewable resources. Furthermore, the built environment in the Netherlands is becoming overcrowded and there are insufficient regulations for the preservation of historical buildings. The aim of this research is to apply bio-based materials in the conservation of historical buildings for a circular and sustainable renovation. For this purpose, the following main question has been formulated: “How can bio-based materials enhance sustainability and circularity in architectural renovation while prioritizing the conservation & preservation of architectural heritage?”. Foundation of the research are the 10 R’s of circularity, BREAAM and LEED. In addition, software was used to select materials and properties based on sustainability parameters. Combined with a heritage assessment, it indicates which materials can be used in the conservation and renovation of heritage buildings. This research has yielded a practical tool designed to enhance the sustainability and circularity of architectural renovations with a focus on bio-based materials. This framework also addresses the preservation of heritage qualities of buildings. Moreover, the outcome of the introduced tool contributes to the reduction of carbon and nitrogen emissions, as well as water consumption. It also actively supports the transition towards a cir ... Read more