This chapter introduces the socio-technical systems (STS) theory as a lens to explore blockchain adoption in the construction sector. It outlines how blockchain technology, characterised by its transparency, immutability and decentralised nature, addresses long-standing inefficiencies in construction. However, the chapter emphasises that blockchain adoption requires more than technical implementation - it must consider the interplay between technological and social factors. The chapter reviews STS theory's origins, its relevance to technological innovation and its application to the built environment, particularly digital technologies like building information modelling (BIM). It highlights conceptual models like the multi-level perspective (MLP) and presents a socio-technical framework tailored for blockchain adoption, combining dimensions of technology, process, policy and society. By providing a roadmap and specific models for blockchain integration, Chapter 3 establishes a comprehensive approach to navigating adoption barriers and leveraging blockchain's potential to transform construction processes and relationships among stakeholders.

Human-Data Interaction is central to the dynamic nature of the construction industry and its growing reliance on substantial data sets. In this paper, we evaluate literature on the topic of Human-Data Interaction across several technologies and concepts within the built environment with the aim of identifying underlying aspects that can lead to an underpinning theory of Human-Data Interaction in the built environment to support advancement of the research in the field. Those aspects were identified as trust, game theory, empowerment of humans, human control, safety, accessibility, enhancing understanding, and the three pillars of Human-Data Interaction of agency, legibility, and negotiability.