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The applicability of glass in structures is continuously ascending, as the transparency and high compressive strength of the material render it the optimum choice for realizing diaphanous structural components that allow for light transmittance and space continuity. The fabrication boundaries of the material are constantly stretching: visible metal connections are minimized and glass surfaces are maximized, resulting to pure all-glass structures. Still, due to the prevalence of the float glass industry, all-glass structures are currently confined to the limited forms and shapes that can be generated by planar, 2D glass elements. Moreover, despite the fact that glass is fully recyclable, most of the glass currently employed in buildings is neither reused nor recycled due to its perplexed disassembly and its contamination from coatings and adhesives. Cast glass can be the answer to the above restraints, as it can escape the design limitations generated from the 2-dimensional nature of float glass. By pouring molten glass into moulds, solid 3-dimensional glass components can be attained of considerably larger cross-sections and of virtually any shape. These monolithic glass objects can form repetitive units for large all glass-structures that do not buckle due to slender proportions and thus can take full advantage of the stated compressive strength of glass. Such components can be accordingly shaped to interlock towards easily assembled structures that do not require the use of adhesives for further bonding. In addition, cast glass units–due to their increased cross section– can tolerate a higher degree of impurities and thus can be produced by using waste glass as a raw source.
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The applicability of glass in structures is continuously ascending, as the transparency and high compressive strength of the material render it the optimum choice for realizing diaphanous structural components that allow for light transmittance and space continuity. The fabrication boundaries of the material are constantly stretching: visible metal connections are minimized and glass surfaces are maximized, resulting to pure all-glass structures. Still, due to the prevalence of the float glass industry, all-glass structures are currently confined to the limited forms and shapes that can be generated by planar, 2D glass elements. Moreover, despite the fact that glass is fully recyclable, most of the glass currently employed in buildings is neither reused nor recycled due to its perplexed disassembly and its contamination from coatings and adhesives. Cast glass can be the answer to the above restraints, as it can escape the design limitations generated from the 2-dimensional nature of float glass. By pouring molten glass into moulds, solid 3-dimensional glass components can be attained of considerably larger cross-sections and of virtually any shape. These monolithic glass objects can form repetitive units for large all glass-structures that do not buckle due to slender proportions and thus can take full advantage of the stated compressive strength of glass. Such components can be accordingly shaped to interlock towards easily assembled structures that do not require the use of adhesives for further bonding. In addition, cast glass units–due to their increased cross section– can tolerate a higher degree of impurities and thus can be produced by using waste glass as a raw source.
This paper explores the potential of a novel, reversible all-glass system consisting of dryassembly, interlocking cast glass components. Owing to its interlocking geometry, the proposed system can attain the desired stiffness with the aid of minimal, if any, metal framing. The use of adhesives is circumvented in the system by employing a dry, colourless interlayer as an intermediate medium between the glass components. The interlayer can accommodate by deformation surface asperities; furthermore, it allows for an even stress distribution and for the eventual disassembly and reuse of the components. To validate the concept, various component geometries and interlocking mechanisms are developed. The interlocking forms are kiln cast in 1 : 2 scale and are comparatively assessed in terms of mechanical interlocking capacity, mass distribution, residual stress generation and ease of fabrication. In parallel, research is conducted on different materials for the dry, transparent interlayer. From the developed designs, osteomorphic blocks are selected as the most promising concept and are further assessed by numerical modelling to investigate the influence of the interlocking geometry to the overall structural performance. The results of the numerical model indicate that lower bricks are more susceptible to bending, whereas for higher brick variants the shear lock failure is more critical. To further validate the concept, two specimens of stacked glass columns comprising osteomorphic blocks and different interlayers are tested in compression until failure. The failure mode of the specimens suggests an increased fracture toughness of the proposed system compared to a monolithic variant, preventing cracks propagating from one brick to another and an inherent robustness The experiments also suggest that an interlayer of increased shear strength is recommended to prevent tearing under compression and thus avoiding direct glass-to-glass contact.
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This paper explores the potential of a novel, reversible all-glass system consisting of dryassembly, interlocking cast glass components. Owing to its interlocking geometry, the proposed system can attain the desired stiffness with the aid of minimal, if any, metal framing. The use of adhesives is circumvented in the system by employing a dry, colourless interlayer as an intermediate medium between the glass components. The interlayer can accommodate by deformation surface asperities; furthermore, it allows for an even stress distribution and for the eventual disassembly and reuse of the components. To validate the concept, various component geometries and interlocking mechanisms are developed. The interlocking forms are kiln cast in 1 : 2 scale and are comparatively assessed in terms of mechanical interlocking capacity, mass distribution, residual stress generation and ease of fabrication. In parallel, research is conducted on different materials for the dry, transparent interlayer. From the developed designs, osteomorphic blocks are selected as the most promising concept and are further assessed by numerical modelling to investigate the influence of the interlocking geometry to the overall structural performance. The results of the numerical model indicate that lower bricks are more susceptible to bending, whereas for higher brick variants the shear lock failure is more critical. To further validate the concept, two specimens of stacked glass columns comprising osteomorphic blocks and different interlayers are tested in compression until failure. The failure mode of the specimens suggests an increased fracture toughness of the proposed system compared to a monolithic variant, preventing cracks propagating from one brick to another and an inherent robustness The experiments also suggest that an interlayer of increased shear strength is recommended to prevent tearing under compression and thus avoiding direct glass-to-glass contact.
