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Journal article(2026)
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Hongping Liang, Zilun Tang, Zhuo Chen, Zhenting Zhao, Min Zeng, Weiping Gong, Fei Wang, Patrick J. French, Quan Wang, More Authors
Designing sensing materials with distinct morphologies remains a key challenge in the development of high-performance gas-sensing devices. In this study, we employed a supramolecular assembly and ice-melting-induced lyophilization (IMIL) technique to synthesize poly (sodium p-styrenesulfonate)-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (PSS-rGO) microspheres. We then used in situ chemical oxidation polymerization to create a hollow three-dimensional (3D) polyaniline-decorated PSS-rGO microspheres (PANI@PSS-rGO) and conducted a trace analysis of ammonia (NH3) at room temperature. The PANI was uniformly decorated on the surfaces of the PSS-rGO microspheres, and the PANI@PSS-rGO exhibited a hollow microsphere morphology. This structure’s large specific surface area provided sufficient adsorption sites and enabled fast multichannel charge transfer. The hollow 3D PANI@PSS-rGO composite had ultra-high sensitivity of 7.06% / ppm at high concentrations and 55.86% / ppm at low concentrations, as well as short response and recovery times of 9 and 120 s, respectively. We attributed the good selectivity, repeatability, and long-term stability of the PANI@PSS-rGO composite to the significant synergistic effect of the PANI and the PSS-rGO. We determined a promising route to room-temperature gas sensors for ultrasensitive trace analysis of NH3, which is enabled by this 3D framework.
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Designing sensing materials with distinct morphologies remains a key challenge in the development of high-performance gas-sensing devices. In this study, we employed a supramolecular assembly and ice-melting-induced lyophilization (IMIL) technique to synthesize poly (sodium p-styrenesulfonate)-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (PSS-rGO) microspheres. We then used in situ chemical oxidation polymerization to create a hollow three-dimensional (3D) polyaniline-decorated PSS-rGO microspheres (PANI@PSS-rGO) and conducted a trace analysis of ammonia (NH3) at room temperature. The PANI was uniformly decorated on the surfaces of the PSS-rGO microspheres, and the PANI@PSS-rGO exhibited a hollow microsphere morphology. This structure’s large specific surface area provided sufficient adsorption sites and enabled fast multichannel charge transfer. The hollow 3D PANI@PSS-rGO composite had ultra-high sensitivity of 7.06% / ppm at high concentrations and 55.86% / ppm at low concentrations, as well as short response and recovery times of 9 and 120 s, respectively. We attributed the good selectivity, repeatability, and long-term stability of the PANI@PSS-rGO composite to the significant synergistic effect of the PANI and the PSS-rGO. We determined a promising route to room-temperature gas sensors for ultrasensitive trace analysis of NH3, which is enabled by this 3D framework.
Journal article(2025)
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Zijing Fu, Yanwei Chang, Zhuo Chen, Huiming Xie, Yancong Feng, Yao Wang, Yixun Gao, Tao Ren, Patrick J. French, More authors...
Nitric oxide is an endogenous biological signaling molecule, and the corresponding fractional exhaled NO serves as an important indicator in clinical diagnostics and therapeutic applications. However, achieving accurate and rapid monitoring of ppb-level fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) at room temperature remains a significant challenge. Herein, ultrathin porphyrin metal–organic framework (MOF) sheets are selected to assemble with supramolecularly functionalized graphene sheets through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction with 6 nm thickness. The resulting porphyrin MOF/graphene sheet-on-sheet nanohybrid is designed as a chemiresistive NO sensor which exhibits superior gas sensing performance at room temperature including an ultralow practical limit of detection (Ra/Rg = 1.047, 5 ppb NO), reliable repeatability, excellent selectivity against other exhaled gases, and relative long-term stability. Mechanism study indicates that the prominent NO sensing performance is attributed to the ordered framework of active sites of ferric-pyrrole (Fe─N4) sites and less than 10 nm thick sheet-on-sheet heterojunction structure in the nanohybrid. The potential clinical utility of the obtained sensors is validated by exhalation tests toward exhalation samples from healthy individuals and asthma patients, respectively. This work provides an effective strategy of developing MOF-based room temperature ppb-level chemiresistive NO sensors for practical FeNO monitoring.
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Nitric oxide is an endogenous biological signaling molecule, and the corresponding fractional exhaled NO serves as an important indicator in clinical diagnostics and therapeutic applications. However, achieving accurate and rapid monitoring of ppb-level fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) at room temperature remains a significant challenge. Herein, ultrathin porphyrin metal–organic framework (MOF) sheets are selected to assemble with supramolecularly functionalized graphene sheets through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction with 6 nm thickness. The resulting porphyrin MOF/graphene sheet-on-sheet nanohybrid is designed as a chemiresistive NO sensor which exhibits superior gas sensing performance at room temperature including an ultralow practical limit of detection (Ra/Rg = 1.047, 5 ppb NO), reliable repeatability, excellent selectivity against other exhaled gases, and relative long-term stability. Mechanism study indicates that the prominent NO sensing performance is attributed to the ordered framework of active sites of ferric-pyrrole (Fe─N4) sites and less than 10 nm thick sheet-on-sheet heterojunction structure in the nanohybrid. The potential clinical utility of the obtained sensors is validated by exhalation tests toward exhalation samples from healthy individuals and asthma patients, respectively. This work provides an effective strategy of developing MOF-based room temperature ppb-level chemiresistive NO sensors for practical FeNO monitoring.
