This thesis explores how sensory design principles, shaped by the perspectives of visually impaired children, can enhance the accessibility of educational environments. The primary research question is: “In what way can the perspective of a child and sensory design principles enhance the accessibility of educational environments for visually impaired children in, for example, the Tarwewijk?” The study emphasizes the integration of sensory elements such as sight, touch and sound to create more navigable and supportive spaces for these children. A mixed-methods approach was employed, consisting of a literature review, observations in blind simulation environments, and interviews with an architect who has a visual impairment. These methods provided valuable insights into the practical application of sensory design for visually impaired children. The research revealed that multisensory design elements, like tactile markers and sound cues, significantly enhance accessibility and foster cognitive and social development in visually impaired children. Prioritizing sensory inclusivity in design can promote greater independence and engagement in these spaces. In conclusion, sensory design informed by the needs and perspectives of visually impaired children improves the accessibility and usability of educational environments. Future research should build upon these findings by incorporating more case studies and expert insights to deepen understanding and enhance design practices. Keywords: sensory design, visually impaired children, accessibility, educational environments, multisensory design, tactile markers, sound cues, sensory inclusivity, independence, cognitive development, social development.

The implementation of the Coercion and Care Act or “Wet Zorg en Dwang” (WZD) in the Netherlands in 2020 has sparked a discussion about the free movement of people with Alzheimer’s. Although the law prohibits enclosed living spaces for these people, wandering behaviour remains a challenge in care environments. This causes disruptions and burdens for nursing staff ensuring resident safety. To address this issue, a study was conducted to answer the research question: “To what extent can architectural interventions stimulate safe wandering behaviour for people with Alzheimer’s in Dutch elderly homes?.”
The research question explores the extent to which architectural interventions can encourage safe wandering behaviour. A literature review consisting of four chapters examines the historical evolution of elderly care in the Netherlands, the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease, the phenomenon of wandering behaviour, and the relationship between architecture and Alzheimer’s.
This literature study emphasizes that a comprehensive understanding of Alzheimer’s symptoms, particularly spatial challenges, highlights the importance of creating tailored environments for individuals with Alzheimer’s. Wandering behaviour has health benefits, providing a sense of purpose and exercise, and should be viewed as a valuable opportunity for meaningful activity rather than simply a problem.
Architectural interventions are essential in meeting the unique needs of individuals with Alzheimer’s, with a focus on navigability, comprehensibility, and support for meaningful activities, such as wandering. When designing healthcare facilities for residents with Alzheimer’s, careful consideration should be given to the building layout, circulation, wayfinding, visibility, stimulus management, personalisation, supervision, social stimulation, activation concepts and storage. By incorporating these principles, environments can be created that prioritize the well-being, safety, and comfort of individuals with Alzheimer’s.
While the literature review provides valuable insights, opportunities for further research exist, including incorporating field research methods such as observations and interviews to enrich understanding and gather real-life perspectives.
Active research into Alzheimer’s, including causes, diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and care, underscores the importance of ongoing investigation to inform architectural design and optimize care for individuals with Alzheimer’s in Dutch elderly homes. The interdisciplinary approach integrating healthcare, legislation, and architecture holds promise for enhancing the quality of life and well-being of individuals with Alzheimer’s in the Netherlands.