To analyze and synthesize signals on networks or graphs, Fourier theory has been extended to irregular domains, leading to a so-called graph Fourier transform. Unfortunately, different from the traditional Fourier transform, each graph exhibits a different graph Fourier transform. Therefore to analyze the graph-frequency domain properties of a graph signal, the graph Fourier modes and graph frequencies must be computed for the graph under study. Although to find these graph frequencies and modes, a computationally expensive, or even prohibitive, eigendecomposition of the graph is required, there exist families of graphs that have properties that could be exploited for an approximate fast graph spectrum computation. In this work, we aim to identify these families and to provide a divide-and-conquer approach for computing an approximate spectral decomposition of the graph. Using the same decomposition, results on reducing the complexity of graph filtering are derived. These results provide an attempt to leverage the underlying topological properties of graphs in order to devise general computational models for graph signal processing.

In this article, we explore the state-space formulation of a network process to recover from partial observations the network topology that drives its dynamics. To do so, we employ subspace techniques borrowed from system identification literature and extend them to the network topology identification problem. This approach provides a unified view of network control and signal processing on graphs. In addition, we provide theoretical guarantees for the recovery of the topological structure of a deterministic continuous-time linear dynamical system from input-output observations even when the input and state interaction networks are different. Our mathematical analysis is accompanied by an algorithm for identifying from data,a network topology consistent with the system dynamics and conforms to the prior information about the underlying structure. The proposed algorithm relies on alternating projections and is provably convergent. Numerical results corroborate the theoretical findings and the applicability of the proposed algorithm.

In this work, we explore the limits of finite-time distributed consensus through the intersection of graph filters and matrix function theory. We focus on algorithms capable to compute the consensus exactly through filtering operations over a graph, and that have been proven to converge in finite time. In this context, we show that there exists an algebraic algorithm that can minimize the minimum polynomial of a matrix whose support is known. Different from previous works, we leverage the structure of matrices that share the same support and are diagonalizable by the eigenbasis of the graph shift operator to prove a theoretical result with respect to the minimum number of diffusion steps required to reach consensus. We show that the previously known bound on the number of consensus iterations can be further reduced in accordance to the algebraic properties of the matrix representation of the network. Finally, insights with respect to the relation between the graph topology and the algebraic properties of such matrices are provided in order to encourage further discussion on the role of eigenvalues and eigenvectors in the network topology.