A Fully Integrated Bluetooth Low-Energy Transmitter in 28 nm CMOS With 36% System Efficiency at 3 dBm

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A Fully Integrated Bluetooth Low-Energy Transmitter in 28 nm CMOS With 36% System Efficiency at 3 dBm

Journal Article (2016)

Author(s)

Masoud Babaie (TU Delft - Electronics)

F Kuo (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC))

H Chen (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC))

Lan Chou Cho (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC))

CP Jou (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC))

Fu-Lung Hsueh (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC))

M. Shahmohammadi (TU Delft - Electronics)

R. B. Staszewski (University College Dublin)

Research Group

Electronics

Copyright

DOI related publication

https://doi.org/10.1109/JSSC.2016.2551738

Bluetooth Oscillators Internet of Things (IoT) Oscillators Low-power electronics Radio frequency CMOS integrated circuits Q-factor Digitally controlled oscillator Radiofrequency integrated circuits Switches Inductors CMOS digital integrated circuits MOSFET circuits Constant current sources Digital phase locked loops Radio transmitters Radiofrequency power amplifiers 1/f noise reduction Bluetooth low-energy mode CMOS transistors All-digital PLL Class-E-F2 switching power amplifier Direct DCO data modulation Efficiency 36 percent Energy-hungry RF circuits Fully integrated Bluetooth low-energy transmitter architecture Metal density Power 3.6 mW Power 5.5 mW Sampling rate reduction Size 28 nm Supply voltage reduction Switching current sources Threshold voltage Ultra-low power radios Radio transmitters All-digital PLL Bluetooth Low-Energy Class-E/F 2 power amplifier Low-power transmitter Low-voltage oscillator Switching current-source oscillator

To reference this document use:

https://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0271a300-688f-4ebd-a56a-d4c01e294c6a

More Info

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Publication Year

2016

Language

English

Copyright

Research Group

Electronics

Issue number

7

Volume number

51

Pages (from-to)

1547-1565

Reuse Rights

Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download, forward or distribute the text or part of it, without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license such as Creative Commons.

Abstract

We propose a new transmitter architecture for ultra-low power radios in which the most energy-hungry RF circuits operate at a supply just above a threshold voltage of CMOS transistors. An all-digital PLL employs a digitally controlled oscillator with switching current sources to reduce supply voltage and power without sacrificing its startup margin. It also reduces 1/f noise and supply pushing, thus allowing the ADPLL, after settling, to reduce its sampling rate or shut it off entirely during a direct DCO data modulation. The switching power amplifier integrates its matching network while operating in class-E/F2 to maximally enhance its efficiency at low voltage. The transmitter is realized in 28 nm digital CMOS and satisfies all metal density and other manufacturing rules. It consumes 3.6 mW/5.5 mW while delivering 0 dBm/3 dBm RF power in Bluetooth Low-Energy mode.

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