分散决策下的电力平衡机制分析与启示：以德国平衡结算单元为例
Lanqing Shan (Tsinghua University)
Haotian Song (Tsinghua University)
Qinghu Tang (Tsinghua University)
Hongye Guo (Tsinghua University)
Shengren Shengren (TU Delft - Intelligent Electrical Power Grids)
Chongqing Kang (Tsinghua University)
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Abstract
The penetration of renewable energy in power systems is continually increasing as the global energy system transitions to low-carbon, leading to greater uncertainty intensifying the clearing pressure in electricity markets and the dispatching pressure in power systems. These factors pose challenges to the selection of power-balancing mechanisms. This paper focuses on the typical decentralized decision-making balancing mechanism exemplified by the Balancing Group mechanism in Germany. It analyzes its advantages, such as enhanced autonomy of market participants, reduced aggregation of system uncertainty, and lowered dispatch pressure. The paper first introduces the mechanism's fundamental structure and operational methods, highlighting the role of balancing groups as a key component. Next, it analyzes the characteristics of the German Balancing Group mechanism rules and the supporting mechanisms in actual operations and explores the decentralized nature of this mechanism. Finally, it explores the issues and adaptability faced in introducing related market-oriented balancing mechanisms in China, offering recommendations on dispatch levels, market participation, market integration, and technical support.