Prospects and challenges for graphene drums as sensors of individual bacteria
I. E. Rosłoń (SoundCell B.V., TU Delft - Dynamics of Micro and Nano Systems)
A. Japaridze (SoundCell B.V.)
L. Naarden (SoundCell B.V.)
L. Smeets (Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis)
C. Dekker (TU Delft - BN/Cees Dekker Lab)
A. van Belkum (External organisation)
P. G. Steeneken (TU Delft - Dynamics of Micro and Nano Systems)
F. Alijani (TU Delft - Dynamics of Micro and Nano Systems)
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Abstract
Graphene-drum-enabled nanomotion detection can play an important role in probing life at the nanoscale. By combining micro- and nanomechanical systems with optics, nanomotion sensors bridge the gap between mechanics and cellular biophysics. They have allowed investigation of processes involved in metabolism, growth, and structural organization of a large variety of microorganisms, ranging from yeasts to bacterial cells. Using graphene drums, these processes can now be resolved at the single-cell level. In this Perspective, we discuss the key achievements of nanomotion spectroscopy and peek forward into the prospects for application of this single-cell technology in clinical settings. Furthermore, we discuss the steps required for implementation and look into applications beyond microbial sensing.
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