Microwave spectroscopy of interacting Andreev spins
J. J. Wesdorp (TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
A. Vaartjes (TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab)
L. Grünhaupt (TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
S. Roelofs (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, TU Delft - QRD/Goswami Lab)
L. J. Splitthoff (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
M. Pita-Vidal (TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
A. Bargerbos (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
L. P. Kouwenhoven (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QN/Kouwenhoven Lab, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
C. K. Andersen (TU Delft - Andersen Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
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Abstract
Andreev bound states are fermionic states localized in weak links between superconductors which can be occupied with spinful quasiparticles. Microwave experiments using superconducting circuits with InAs/Al nanowire Josephson junctions have recently enabled probing and coherent manipulation of Andreev states but have remained limited to zero or small magnetic fields. Here, we use a flux-tunable superconducting circuit compatible in magnetic fields up to 1T to perform spectroscopy of spin-polarized Andreev states up to ∼250mT, beyond which the spectrum becomes gapless. We identify singlet and triplet states of two quasiparticles occupying different Andreev states through their dispersion in magnetic field. These states are split by exchange interaction and couple via spin-orbit coupling, analogously to two-electron states in quantum dots. We also show that the magnetic field allows to drive a direct spin-flip transition of a single quasiparticle trapped in the junction. Finally, we measure a gate- and field-dependent anomalous phase shift of the Andreev spectrum, of magnitude up to ∼0.7π. Our observations demonstrate alternative ways to manipulate Andreev states in a magnetic field and reveal spin-polarized triplet states that carry supercurrent.