Effects of Substrate and Polymer Encapsulation on CO2 Electroreduction by Immobilized Indium(III) Protoporphyrin
Yuvraj Y. Birdja (Universiteit Leiden)
Rafaël E. Vos (Universiteit Leiden)
Tim A. Wezendonk (TU Delft - Applied Sciences)
Lin Jiang (Universiteit Leiden)
Freek Kapteijn (TU Delft - Applied Sciences)
Marc T.M. Koper (Universiteit Leiden)
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Abstract
Heterogenization of molecular catalysts for CO2 electroreduction has attracted significant research activity, due to the combined advantages of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. In this work, we demonstrate the strong influence of the nature of the substrate on the selectivity and reactivity of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction, as well as on the stability of the studied immobilized indium(III) protoporphyrin IX, for electrosynthesis of formic acid. Additionally, we investigate strategies to improve the CO2 reduction by tuning the chemical functionality of the substrate surface by means of electrochemical and plasma treatment and by catalyst encapsulation in polymer membranes. We point out several underlying factors that affect the performance of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction. The insights gained here allow one to optimize heterogenized molecular systems for enhanced CO2 electroreduction without modification of the catalyst itself.
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