Evaluating feed-in tariff policies on enhancing geothermal development in Indonesia

Journal Article (2022)
Author(s)

Andri D. Setiawan (Universitas Indonesia)

Marmelia P. Dewi (Pertamina Geothermal Energy, Universitas Indonesia)

B.A. Jafino (TU Delft - Policy Analysis, Universitas Indonesia)

Akhmad Hidayatno (Universitas Indonesia)

Research Group
Policy Analysis
Copyright
© 2022 Andri D. Setiawan, Marmelia P. Dewi, B.A. Jafino, Akhmad Hidayatno
DOI related publication
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113164
More Info
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Publication Year
2022
Language
English
Copyright
© 2022 Andri D. Setiawan, Marmelia P. Dewi, B.A. Jafino, Akhmad Hidayatno
Research Group
Policy Analysis
Volume number
168
Reuse Rights

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Abstract

Geothermal is vital for sustainably meeting Indonesia's energy demand, given its estimated massive reserves potential equivalent to 24 GW of electricity. The Indonesian government has set geothermal contributions to the national energy mix at 7,241.5 MW by 2025 and 17,546 MW by 2050, despite harnessing such vast potential needing significant investment. To that goal, the government established a feed-in tariff (FIT) mechanism to encourage private sector investment in geothermal development. However, FIT has undergone significant alterations in a short period. Moreover, various complicating factors—bureaucracy, social, and technical—exist alongside FIT implementation. Therefore, the extent that FIT can effectively enhance geothermal development in Indonesia should be challenged with further investigation. This study explores the efficacy of FIT policies for geothermal electricity by comparing the performance of several FIT schemes in terms of their impact on the government's target achievement. This study combines the policy analysis framework with system dynamics modeling to understand the dynamic interaction of FIT policy and other important components in geothermal development. The findings show that modest bureaucracy and public support are required. Furthermore, to enhance geothermal development more effectively, FIT should be at least 11 cents US$/kWh and accompanied by technical breakthroughs and government-funded exploration activities.

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