Strong Roots and Sturdy Trees

Abstract

Despite the steady growth of the Kenyan economy, poverty rates remain high and informal settlements keep expanding. The economic and spatial inequality in the country is increasing. The informal settlement of Kibera, in Nairobi, is the largest in Kenya and struggles to establish sustainable socio-economic development for its residents. The aim of this research is to unravel the causes for the persisting socio-economic disparity and how they can be overcome. This is achieved by investigating a bottom-up approach of development by means of the concept of community capital. The result is an inclusive urban strategy to promote sustainable socio-economic development in marginalised communities. The research consists of an exploration of the theory of community capital, combined with physical, socio-economic and political analysis. It involves explorative research to methods to effectively achieve development. Essential to the creation of the strategy, is the establishment of a community-based approach, which is key to effective and sustainable co-production. The strategy is composed of several spatial interventions, which can be implemented inside the settlement. They include shared plots, active streets and community centres. Their main function is to enhance the creation of community capital, through building trust and a sense of community among residents, while providing basic services and public space. Improved community capital leads to better collaboration, higher levels of safety and a stronger political voice. These elements are fundamental for enabling sustainable, socio-economic development and diminishing inequality in the city.