Incorporating Numerical Modelling in a Climate-Adaptive Framework for the Vulnerability Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Bridges

Abstract

Bridges are increasingly exposed to the effects of climate change, as well as the compounding and cascading effects of natural hazards and accelerated material degradation. This paper proposes a methodology for assessing the vulnerability of concrete bridges by integrating numerical modelling into an evaluation framework to enhance the resilience of concrete infrastructure in a climate-adaptive world. Numerical models are developed using software such as ATENA and SAP2000. From these models, key parameters related to hazard representation and material degradation mechanisms are identified and embedded within the proposed framework. The methodology is illustrated with case studies from Brazil, Chile, and Ecuador. Among the main conclusions, a reduction of approximately 30% over 60 years is observed due to chloride-induced corrosion. The methodology enables a more accurate assessment of structural performance under climate-induced hazards, providing valuable insights for planning, maintenance, and adaptation of more resilient infrastructure systems.