Two-Population SIR Model and Strategies to Reduce Mortality in Pandemics
Long Ma (TU Delft - Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science)
Maksim Kitsak (TU Delft - Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science)
Piet Van Mieghem (TU Delft - Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science)
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Abstract
Despite many studies on the transmission mechanism of the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), it remains still challenging to efficiently reduce mortality. In this work, we apply a two-population Susceptible-Infected-Removed (SIR) model to investigate the COVID-19 spreading when contacts between elderly and non-elderly individuals are reduced due to the high mortality risk of elderly people. We discover that the reduction of connections between two populations can delay the death curve but cannot reduce the final mortality. We propose a merged SIR model, which advises elderly individuals to interact less with their non-elderly connections at the initial stage but interact more with their non-elderly relationships later, to reduce mortality. Finally, immunizing elderly hub individuals can also significantly decrease mortality.