Advancing wind turbines through control co-design: An integrative review

Review (2026)
Author(s)

Saeid Bayat (University of Michigan)

Chad Peterson (University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign)

Yong Hoon Lee (The University of Memphis)

Jenna Iori (TU Delft - Aerospace Engineering, TU Delft - Aerospace Engineering)

James T. Allison (University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign)

Research Group
Wind Energy
DOI related publication
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2026.127951 Final published version
More Info
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Publication Year
2026
Language
English
Research Group
Wind Energy
Journal title
Applied Energy
Volume number
416
Article number
127951
Downloads counter
25
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Abstract

Control co-design (CCD) represents an integrated approach to simultaneously optimize the physical design and control strategies of wind turbines, aiming to improve efficiency and reduce costs. This review explores the current state of CCD, addressing advancements in methodologies, challenges in defining and quantifying couplings, and limitations in existing applications. While CCD has demonstrated potential in improving wind turbine design, gaps remain in standardizing coupling metrics and expanding its applicability to broader design problems. By establishing robust methodologies and addressing current challenges, CCD can become a transformative approach in advancing sustainable and cost-effective wind energy systems.