Optimal CO2-based syngas supply chain configurations in Europe
Insights into location and scaling
T.J. Wiltink (TU Delft - Energy and Industry)
C.A. Ramírez (TU Delft - ChemE/Chemical Engineering)
M.D.M. Pérez-Fortes (TU Delft - Energy and Industry)
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Abstract
Syngas production via high-temperature co-electrolysis of CO2 (CO2E) shows great potential to reduce the reliance on fossil fuels within the chemical industry. This paper presents an optimization model (MILP) to investigate syngas production from CO2 in the European chemical sector. The model assesses the economic performance of CO2E in prospective supply chains and explores alternative supply chain configurations under different syngas market sizes. The results reveal that the optimal placement of the CO2 electrolysis plant in the supply chain is co-located or decentralized at the product location. This configuration reduces the need for syngas transportation by delivering CO2 to the demand site, which is typically more cost-effective. At a syngas market fulfillment of 2 %, the lowest levelized cost of syngas is achieved at 673 EUR2018/tonne, with electrolysis plants averaging a production capacity of 100 ktonne syngas/year. This levelized cost is between 1.5 and 4 times higher than the fossil-based reference.
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