Accessing elusive two-dimensional phases of dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates by finite temperature
Liang Jun He (Xi’an Jiaotong University)
Juan Sánchez-Baena (Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya)
Fabian Maucher (TU Delft - Optical Technologies)
Yong Chang Zhang (Xi’an Jiaotong University)
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Abstract
It has been shown that dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates that are tightly trapped along the polarization direction can feature a rich phase diagram. In this paper we show that finite temperature can assist in accessing parts of the phase diagram that otherwise appear hard to realize due to excessively large densities and number of atoms being required. These include honeycomb and stripe phases both unconfined and with a finite extent. To map out a phase-diagram, we employ both variational analysis and full numerical calculations solving the finite-temperature extended Gross-Pitaevskii equation (TeGPE). Furthermore, we exhibit real-time evolution simulations leading to such states. We account for the effect of thermal fluctuations by means of Bogoliubov theory, employing the local density approximation. We find that finite temperatures can lead to a significant decrease in the necessary particle number and density that might ultimately pave a route for future experimental realizations.
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