A Complete DC Trolleybus Grid Model With Bilateral Connections, Feeder Cables, and Bus Auxiliaries
Ibrahim Diab (TU Delft - DC systems, Energy conversion & Storage)
Alice Saffirio (Student TU Delft)
Gautham Ram Chandra Mouli (TU Delft - DC systems, Energy conversion & Storage)
Abhishek Singh Tomar (HAN University of Applied Sciences)
Pavol Bauer (TU Delft - DC systems, Energy conversion & Storage)
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Abstract
This paper offers a complete and verified model of DC trolleybus grids and examines the effect of the common modelling assumptions made in literature by using simulations, as well as bus and substation measurements from the grid of Arnhem, the Netherlands. An equivalent model for the overhead line impedance is offered taking into account the single line impedance, the supply and return lines, and the parallel connections between them. A case study shows that the feeder cables from the substations to the sections can be ignored, but only for certain substation power and feeder-line length ranges. On the other hand, the often-neglected regenerative braking, bus auxiliaries load, bilateral connections, and the exact nominal substation voltage are found to be crucial for the correct modelling of a trolleybus grid.