Identification of Bacteria with Artificial Intelligence
S. Mendoza Silva (TU Delft - Mechanical Engineering)
F. Alijani – Mentor (TU Delft - Dynamics of Micro and Nano Systems)
Irek E. Roslon – Mentor (TU Delft - Dynamics of Micro and Nano Systems)
A. Japaridze – Mentor (TU Delft - Dynamics of Micro and Nano Systems)
David M. J. Tax – Graduation committee member (TU Delft - Pattern Recognition and Bioinformatics)
T. Manzaneque – Graduation committee member (TU Delft - Electronic Instrumentation)
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Abstract
Bacterial identification is crucial for addressing infectious diseases and enabling effective treatment strategies. Conventional bacteria identification methods like MALDI-TOF, while efficient, lack the capability for screening the effectiveness of antibiotics. On the other hand, existing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) tests, despite being reliable, suffer from time inefficiency and lack concurrent identification capabilities. In response to these challenges, the present study employs the recent advancements in single-cell nanomotion detection using graphene drums to address these limitations. We integrate nanomotion detection with Machine Learning (ML) algorithms which enables us to simultaneously identify bacteria phenotype and their resistance to antibiotics. Bacterial time signals are transformed into time-frequency spectrograms, which then serve as inputs for machine learning algorithms. Through pattern recognition, these algorithms identify features within the images, facilitating the development of robust classification models. Utilizing single-cell nanomotion signals, differentiation is achieved between the species Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, as well as in detecting antibiotic-resistant and -susceptible strains, achieving an accuracy of 98.57% in the latter. This research marks the first instance of ML integrated with nanomotion detection for bacterial species identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing. It provides a basis for advanced diagnostic tools, expediting the provision of vital data regarding bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility, contributing significantly to medical diagnostics.