Phantom braking in automated vehicles: A theoretical outline and cycling simulator demonstration
S.H. Berge (TU Delft - Transport and Planning)
Joost C F de Winter (TU Delft - Human-Robot Interaction)
Yan Feng (TU Delft - Transport and Planning)
M. Hagenzieker (TU Delft - Transport and Planning)
More Info
expand_more
Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download, forward or distribute the text or part of it, without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license such as Creative Commons.
Abstract
The emerging use of automated driving systems introduces novel situations that may affect the safety of vulnerable road users such as cyclists. In this paper, we explain and conceptualise the phenomenon of phantom braking – sudden and unexpected deceleration – in automated vehicles. We apply signal detection theory to interpret phantom braking as a by-product of automated decision-making, with the vehicle favouring the avoidance of accidents at the cost of potentially causing rear-end accidents. To illustrate phantom braking and its effects on cyclists, we used a newly developed cycling simulator. An exploratory measurement conducted with a single cyclist participant revealed a possible complacency effect of the cyclist, with the cyclist’s decision-making mirroring the automated vehicle’s decision-making. The findings provide a testament to using cycling simulators for further exploration of the effects of phantom braking on cyclists.
Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions; Innovative Training Networks (ITN); SHAPE-IT; Grant number 860410
DOI: 10.54941/ahfe1005212