Designing for Connection
Classical Antiquity’s Models for Public Well-being
N.M. Karsten (TU Delft - Architecture and the Built Environment)
V. Baptist – Mentor (TU Delft - History, Form & Aesthetics)
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Abstract
This thesis explores the design principles of Greek agoras and Roman bathhouses from Classical Antiquity to uncover strategies for fostering social connection and well-being in contemporary public spaces. Using the WELL Building Standard as a framework, the study evaluates how ancient spaces and value systems align with modern health-oriented design. Through historical analysis of the Athenian Agora’s stoas and the Thermae of Caracalla, the research identifies ten enduring principles such as low-barrier entry, sensory richness, and programmatic layering which promoted civic engagement and communal rituals. A comparative critique reveals gaps in the WELL Standard, particularly its individualistic focus and lack of emphasis on social interaction quality. The study argues for integrating classical strategies, like spatial sequencing and inclusive thresholds, into contemporary design to address urban disconnection. By bridging historical wisdom and contemporary metrics, this research offers actionable insights for creating public spaces that prioritize both health and social vitality.