Reversible joinery methods for full glass vaults made of cast or 3D printed glass components
F. Oikonomopoulou (TU Delft - Structures & Materials)
Daniel Massimino (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
S. Guha (Student TU Delft)
Thomas Bigler (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
E.C. van Kessel (Student TU Delft)
T. Bristogianni (TU Delft - Structures & Materials)
Kaitlyn Becker (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
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Abstract
Glass’s high compressive strength makes it ideal for compressive-only structures such as vaults. Float glass, the most common type in architecture, is limited by its planar form, often resulting in buckling-induced tensile stresses that undermine glass’s compressive potential. 3D-printing and casting are alternative fabrication methods that enable the production of volumetric glass components that can better utilize glass’s compressive capacity. Due to fabrication limitations, both 3D-printed and cast glass assemblies in building-scale require segmentation, calling for specialized joinery solutions. Existing built projects rely on permanent adhesives. However, towards circular construction, a reversible connection is needed that can transfer the desired loads, enable customization, allow for disassembly, and preserve recyclability. Accordingly, this research investigates two novel, reversible joinery methods for dry-stacked glass vaults composed of either cast or 3D-printed interlocking units: (i) a Velcro-inspired, polymer interlayer, directly 3D-printed onto the glass and (ii) a dry, laser-cut expandable metal interlayer. We first assess the fabrication constraints of cast and 3D-printed glass bricks and their implications for joinery design. The two joinery methods are then evaluated based on criteria linked to manufacturability and structural performance. Finally, we present preliminary feasibility testing and discuss the practical challenges and potential of each connection type in relation to both glass fabrication methods and overall vault design.