Investigating Unfaithful Behavior in Neural Rationale Models
L.E. Holvoet (TU Delft - Mechanical Engineering)
J.C.F. de Winter – Mentor (TU Delft - Human-Robot Interaction)
A. Anand – Mentor (TU Delft - Web Information Systems)
Y.B. Eisma – Graduation committee member (TU Delft - Human-Robot Interaction)
L.J.L. Leonhardt – Mentor (TU Delft - Web Information Systems)
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Abstract
Numerous techniques have been developed in order to explain the reasoning process of black-box models. Among them is a class of models that are designed to be inherently interpretable: select-then-predict models (a.k.a. rationale-based models). These models are meant to explain their prediction by highlighting part of the input as evidence. The evidence, called the rationale, should consist of the most salient parts of the input text that contribute the most to the model's decision.
However, according to some recent studies, these models are not truly interpretable, because they do not provide faithful explanations (i.e., explanations that accurately reflect the true reasoning process of the model).
In this thesis we give a formal definition of the degree of unfaithfulness to quantify unfaithful behavior. Then, we introduce an experiment to test the faithfulness of select-then-predict models and prove that select-then-predict models can provide unfaithful rationales. Lastly, we introduce a loss function, which we call the unfaithfulness loss, which minimizes the degree of unfaithfulness of select-then-predict models and teaches them to produce more faithful and plausible rationales.