Mitigating the Climate Impact from Aviation

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Mitigating the Climate Impact from Aviation

Achievements and Results of the DLR WeCare Project

Journal Article (2017)

Author(s)

Volker Grewe (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), TU Delft - Aircraft Noise and Climate Effects)

K. Dahlmann (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

J. Flink (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

C. Frömming (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

R. Ghosh (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

K. Gierens (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

R Heller (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

J. Hendricks (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

P. Jockel (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

S. Kaufmann (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

K. Kölker (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

F. Linke (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

T. Luchkova (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

B. Lührs (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

Jesper van Manen (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

S Matthes (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

A. Minikin (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

Malte Niklaß (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

M. Plohr (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

M. Righi (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

S. Rosanka (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

A Schmitt (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

U Schumann (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

I. Terekhov (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

S. Unterstrasser (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

M. Vázquez-Navarro (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

C. Voigt (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

K. Wicke (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

H. Yamashita (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

A. Zahn (Karlsruhe Institut für Technologie)

H. Ziereis (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))

Research Group

Aircraft Noise and Climate Effects

Climate change Aerosols Nitrogen oxides Strut-braced wing Climate mitigation Contrails Aviation emission Open rotor Intermediate stop operations Climate sensitive regions Contrail avoidance

DOI related publication

https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace4030034 Final published version

To reference this document use

https://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7485b8ad-848a-4d40-9153-928205045a22

More Info

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Publication Year

2017

Language

English

Research Group

Aircraft Noise and Climate Effects

Issue number

3

Volume number

4

Article number

34

Downloads counter

388

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Abstract

The WeCare project (Utilizing Weather information for Climate efficient and eco efficient future aviation), an internal project of the German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, DLR), aimed at finding solutions for reducing the climate impact of aviation based on an improved understanding of the atmospheric impact from aviation by making use of measurements and modeling approaches. WeCare made some important contributions to advance the scientific understanding in the area of atmospheric and air transportation research. We characterize contrail properties, show that the aircraft type significantly influences these properties, and how contrail-cirrus interacts with natural cirrus. Aviation NOx emissions lead to ozone formation and we show that the strength of the ozone enhancement varies, depending on where within a weather pattern NOx is emitted. These results, in combination with results on the effects of aerosol emissions on low cloud properties, give a revised view on the total radiative forcing of aviation. The assessment of a fleet of strut-braced wing aircraft with an open rotor is investigated and reveals the potential to significantly reduce the climate impact. Intermediate stop operations have the potential to significantly reduce fuel consumption. However, we find that, if only optimized for fuel use, they will have an increased climate impact, since non-CO2 effects compensate the reduced warming from CO2 savings. Avoiding climate sensitive regions has a large potential in reducing climate impact at relatively low costs. Taking advantage of a full 3D optimization has a much better eco-efficiency than lateral re-routings, only. The implementation of such operational measures requires many more considerations. Non-CO2 aviation effects are not considered in international agreements. We showed that climate-optimal routing could be achieved, if market-based measures were in place, which include these non-CO2 effects. An alternative measure to foster climate-optimal routing is the closing of air spaces, which are very climate-sensitive. Although less effective than an unconstrained optimization with respect to climate, it still has a significant potential to reduce the climate impact of aviation. By combining atmospheric and air transportation research, we assess climate mitigation measures, aiming at providing information to aviation stakeholders and policy-makers to make aviation more climate compatible.

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