Splitting Context-Free Grammars to Optimize Program Synthesis
D. Heijmans (TU Delft - Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science)
Sebastijan Dumancic – Mentor (TU Delft - Algorithmics)
R.J. Gardos Reid – Mentor (TU Delft - Algorithmics)
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Abstract
Program synthesis is the task of generating a program that suffices the intent of a user based on a set of input-output examples. Searching over the set of all possible programs becomes intractable very quickly. Therefore, divide and conquer techniques have become popular within the field, but have mainly been applied on the set of examples. However, this paper focuses on applying the strategy on the problem’s context-free grammar by splitting it into subgrammars.
Our new technique first splits the grammar by making a dependency graph showing how all rules relate the different types of symbols. Afterwards, there is an exploration and exploitation phase where different sets of subgrammars will be given a score and get allocated an amount of enumerations to generate programs based on that score.
The new technique is implemented as an iterator in Herb.jl which is a program synthesis framework. The iterator is then benchmarked against a plain BFS iterator using 100 string-manipulation problems. The grammar splitting strategy needs on average more enumerations to find a program solving all examples compared to the BFS iterator. However, running the different grammars from the iterator in parallel could allow the iterator to find a solution from one of the grammars earlier.