Unlocking Landside Efficiency: A Simulation-Based Approach To Evaluate Air Cargo Dock and Yard Operations
A Case Study at KLM Cargo, Amsterdam Airport Schiphol
A.C. van Wijngaarden (TU Delft - Civil Engineering & Geosciences)
J.M. Vleugel – Mentor (TU Delft - Civil Engineering & Geosciences)
M.B. Duinkerken – Graduation committee member (TU Delft - Mechanical Engineering)
Mark van Zijl – Mentor
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Abstract
Landside air cargo terminals face increasing pressure from growing truck volumes, unpredictable arrival patterns, and limited dock capacity. At KLM Cargo, this results in longer truck waiting- and lead times and congested operations, especially during peak hours. This study aims to evaluate different operational and infrastructural strategies by developing a simulation model of the landside air cargo operations. The model represents the Dock & Yard area, excluding the interior terminal and airside. Data is obtained through internal datasets from KLM Cargo, and model validation is conducted by comparing historical data KPIs to model output KPIs. Several configurations are analyzed, including changes in dock capacity, dock expansion, and a slot booking system. The results show that slot booking and adding new docks provide measurable impact on lead- and waiting times, thereby reducing congestion. These findings provide insights into the effect of dock configuration and improved coordination can improve Dock & Yard performance.