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Optimal Sizing and Control of a PV-EV-BES Charging System Including Primary Frequency Control and Component Degradation

Journal Article (2022)
Author(s)

W.W.M. Vermeer (TU Delft - DC systems, Energy conversion & Storage)

G.R. Mouli (TU Delft - DC systems, Energy conversion & Storage)

P. Bauer (TU Delft - DC systems, Energy conversion & Storage)

Research Group
DC systems, Energy conversion & Storage
Copyright
© 2022 W.W.M. Vermeer, G.R. Chandra Mouli, P. Bauer
DOI related publication
https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIES.2022.3161091
More Info
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Publication Year
2022
Language
English
Copyright
© 2022 W.W.M. Vermeer, G.R. Chandra Mouli, P. Bauer
Research Group
DC systems, Energy conversion & Storage
Volume number
3
Pages (from-to)
236-251
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Abstract

This paper proposes a method for optimally dimensioning the components of a prosumer energy management system that integrates photovoltaic (PV) panels, multiple bidirectional electric vehicle chargers, an inverter, and a battery energy storage charger. Besides optimally dimensioning the components, it also optimizes power management while integrating the frequency containment reserve market and Li-ion battery degradation. The results show that the integration of the frequency containment reserve (FCR) market can increase lifetime cost savings by 36%, compared to optimal power management alone and up to 460% compared to non-optimal power management. Furthermore, the effects of PV and battery energy storage (BES) degradation on reservable capacity are analyzed including the importance of battery second-life value on lifetime net present cost is investigated.