Hydrodynamical simulations of resonant breaking in multiplanet systems via rebound migration during disk dispersal
Beibei Liu (Zhejiang University - Hangzhou)
Clément Baruteau (Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP))
Zhaohuan Zhu (University of Nevada Las Vegas)
Ya Ping Li (Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences)
Sijme Jan Paardekooper (TU Delft - Aerospace Engineering)
Shigeru Ida (Westlake University)
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Abstract
This study extends the investigation of rebound outward migration to multiplanet systems near an inner expanding disk cavity driven by stellar X-ray photoevaporation. Using 2D hydrodynamical simulations, we explore how systems of two and three planets that span masses from super-Earths to Jupiters evolve as the disk disperses from the inside out. Our results show that rebound migration can substantially reshape multiplanet architectures in the final stages of disk clearing. Owing to the strong, positive corotation torque exerted onto the planet near the cavity edge, a divergent migration of the neighbouring planets can break resonant configurations and trigger dynamical instabilities, producing nonresonant orbits with widened period ratios. However, the outcome depends critically on planet mass and the disk dispersal timescale. In lower mass disks where cavity expansion is too rapid, rebound migration is suppressed and systems tend to preserve resonant chains. These findings suggest that the rebound mechanism can provide a compelling pathway to explain the prevalence of a widely separated, nonresonant architecture observed in the exoplanet population.
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