Adaptive helmet design for optically pumped magnetometry
Iva Hristova (Student TU Delft)
Florian Funk (Student TU Delft)
Benjamin van Schaik (Student TU Delft)
Fransje Clercx (University of Twente)
Anna Ooms (Oceanz 3D Medical Models B.V., Ede)
Hanne Bosma (Student TU Delft)
David Zaragozá Sabater (Universitat Politécnica de Valencia)
Amber Nonnekes (Student TU Delft)
Pan Wang (TU Delft - Industrial Design Engineering)
Arjan Hillebrand (Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC)
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Abstract
Optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) have enabled wearable magnetoencephalography (MEG) systems, but achieving both scalability and precise sensor placement remains a challenge. Existing solutions, such as 3D-printed individualized helmets and multi-sized sensor arrays, either lack practicality for widespread use or require extensive manual adjustments. In this study, we present a novel, adjustable OPM-MEG helmet that accommodates a wide range of head sizes (corresponding to individuals aged 5 to 66+ years) while ensuring stable and accurate sensor positioning. The helmet features 80 sensor holders with a ratchet adjustment mechanism, allowing each OPM to be positioned on the subject's scalp without the need for multiple helmet sizes. A quick-release system ensures safety and ease of removal. Compared to existing solutions, the design proposed here eliminates the need for custom manufacturing, minimizes pre-scan adjustments, and avoids signal interference from electromagnetic tracking systems. Validation of sensor localization accuracy with a 3D-printed reference head and an electromagnetic co-registration approach showed a mean sensor positioning error of 2.1 mm and orientation error below 1°, demonstrating the effectiveness of our approach. This adjustable helmet provides a scalable and practical solution for OPM-MEG, facilitating broader adoption of wearable MEG in both research and clinical applications.
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