Wind farm transformer protection against lightning transients using air core reactor and resistor
Amir Heidary (TU Delft - Intelligent Electrical Power Grids)
B. Behdani (TU Delft - Intelligent Electrical Power Grids)
M. Ghaffarian Niasar (TU Delft - High Voltage Technology Group)
M Popov (TU Delft - Intelligent Electrical Power Grids)
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Abstract
Integrating renewable energy resources such as wind farms is an increasingly prominent trend for future power grids. However, the wind generator tower is consistently at risk of lightning strikes, putting the wind farms’ transformer at risk of damage by lightning transients traveling through the system. Various harmonic contents of the lightning transient can excite the transformer’s resonance frequencies, resulting in both terminal and internal overvoltages (OVs). To effectively safeguard transformers against resonance OVs, it is imperative to first identify the resonance points of the transformer. Following this, a protective method must be implemented to mitigate harmonic content magnitudes that contribute to resonance. This paper introduces a series-protection device comprising an air core reactor and suppressor resistance designed to protect the transformer. The research aims to provide solutions to safeguard wind farm transformers from both terminal and internal resonance OVs caused by lightning transients. The effectiveness of the protection device is assessed through analysis, simulation, and experiments conducted in a high-voltage laboratory setup.
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