Strong pinning linear defects formed at the coherent growth transition of pulsed-laser-deposited YBa2⁢Cu3⁢O7−δ films

Abstract

Linear defects are important pinning sites for vortices in high-temperature superconductors. In YBa2⁢Cu3⁢O7−δ thin films, the linear defects responsible for high critical currents are threading dislocations formed near the substrate interface. Investigating the first stages of growth of pulsed-lased-deposited YBa2⁢Cu3⁢O7−δ on single terminated (100) SrTiO3 substrates, we study the genesis of these dislocations. We find that the formation of linear defects occurs above a certain critical layer thickness at which a coherent growth transition takes place. Coherent islands are formed, surrounded by highly strained trenches. These trenches facilitate the formation of dislocation half-loops. Such half-loops relieve the misfit strain and form misfit and threading dislocations. The number of threading dislocations thus depends on the island density. This model explains both the short-range lateral order of the threading dislocations and their decreasing density at elevated substrate temperatures.