Reimagining the Coffee Industry In a Circular Economy
The Socio-Ecological Brazilian Farmers’ Perspective
J.J. Heeskens (TU Delft - Architecture and the Built Environment)
A. van Timmeren – Mentor (TU Delft - Environmental Technology and Design)
J. E. Goncalves – Mentor (TU Delft - Spatial Planning and Strategy)
A. Greco – Graduation committee member (TU Delft - Real Estate Management)
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Abstract
This thesis studies how spatial circular strategies can contribute to just and climate-resilient transformation in Brazil’s coffee sector. Focusing on Southeast Brazil, it explores how agricultural methods, local resource cycles, and inclusive governance can mitigate and adapt to climate impacts while creating a fairer coffee value chain.
The research reveals that while some circular practices are already being applied, barriers remain to making system change. These include economic pressures, social inequality, and policy structures that favour large-scale, conventional farming. The analysis highlights distinct challenges and opportunities across different farm types. Large farms have the highest environmental impact potential, while small farms face the most social and economic constraints.
The project proposes spatial agricultural and intervention typologies and a practical toolbox to support farmers in transitioning toward circular production. In addition, supporting policy recommendations are suggested. This approach offers a pathway to a more sustainable and fair coffee sector by aligning environmental, economic, and social goals.