Loneliness and vertical and horizontal collectivism and individualism
A multinational study
Julie Aitken Schermer (University of Western Ontario)
Marija Branković (Singidunum University)
Đorđe Čekrlija (University of Banja Luka)
Kristi Baerg MacDonald (University of Western Ontario)
Joonha Park (NUCB Business School)
Eva Papazova (Institute for Research in Education)
Tatiana Volkodav (Kuban State University)
Dzintra Iliško (Daugavpils University)
Anna Wlodarczyk (Universidad Catolica de Norte)
Maria Magdalena Kwiatkowska (Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw)
Radosław Rogoza (Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw)
Oscar Oviedo-Trespalacios (TU Delft - Safety and Security Science)
Truong Thi Khanh Ha (Vietnam National University Hanoi)
Christopher Marcin Kowalski (University of Western Ontario)
Sadia Malik (University of Sargodha)
Samuel Lins (Universidade do Porto)
Ginés Navarro-Carrillo (Universidad de Jaén)
Sibele D. Aquino (Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro)
Marta Doroszuk (Jagiellonian University)
Ognjen Riđić (International University of Sarajevo)
Natalia Pylat (Ukrainian Catholic University)
Emrah Özsoy (University of Sakarya)
Chee Seng Tan (Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman)
Agim Mamuti (University Mother Theresa)
Rahkman Ardi (Airlangga University)
Tomislav Jukić (University Josip Juraj Strossmayer)
Osman Uslu (University of Sakarya)
Laura Martinez Buelvas (Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar)
Kadi Liik (Tallinn University)
Gert Kruger (University of Johannesburg)
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Abstract
This paper investigates how horizontal and vertical individualism and collectivism predict self-report loneliness in addition to the variance accounted for by age and sex in 28 countries (N = 8,345). Horizontal and vertical aspects of individualism and collectivism had small but significant contributions to predicting loneliness. Horizontal-collectivism (for 19 country samples) and, to a lesser extent, horizontal-individualism (for seven country samples), significantly predicted lower loneliness scores. Vertical-individualism (for 16 country samples), and to a lesser extent, vertical-collectivism (for six country samples), predicted feeling more loneliness among our participants. Adjusted R2 values suggested that between 0.6% and 27.7% of self-report loneliness was predicted. These results suggest that those who value egalitarian social relations also tend to report being less lonely whereas those who value individuality and competitiveness endorse the loneliness items more. These results are of importance to those investigating and helping lonely individuals by appreciating the influence of perceived culture.
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