Broadband microwave detection using electron spins in a hybrid diamond-magnet sensor chip
J. J. Carmiggelt (TU Delft - QN/vanderSarlab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
I. Bertelli (TU Delft - QN/vanderSarlab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
Roland W. Mulder (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QN/vanderSarlab)
A. Teepe (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QN/vanderSarlab)
Mehrdad Elyasi (Tohoku University)
B.G. Simon (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QN/vanderSarlab)
G. E W Bauer (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, Tohoku University, TU Delft - QN/Bauer Group)
YM Blanter (TU Delft - QN/Blanter Group, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
Toeno Van Der Sar (TU Delft - QN/vanderSarlab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
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Abstract
Quantum sensing has developed into a main branch of quantum science and technology. It aims at measuring physical quantities with high resolution, sensitivity, and dynamic range. Electron spins in diamond are powerful magnetic field sensors, but their sensitivity in the microwave regime is limited to a narrow band around their resonance frequency. Here, we realize broadband microwave detection using spins in diamond interfaced with a thin-film magnet. A pump field locally converts target microwave signals to the sensor-spin frequency via the non-linear spin-wave dynamics of the magnet. Two complementary conversion protocols enable sensing and high-fidelity spin control over a gigahertz bandwidth, allowing characterization of the spin-wave band at multiple gigahertz above the sensor-spin frequency. The pump-tunable, hybrid diamond-magnet sensor chip opens the way for spin-based gigahertz material characterizations at small magnetic bias fields.
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