Guanine-Stabilized Formamidinium Lead Iodide Perovskites
Li Hong (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Wuhan NationalLab for Optoelectronics, Hubei)
Jovana V. Milić (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne)
Paramvir Ahlawat (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne)
Marko Mladenović (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne)
Dominik J. Kubicki (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne)
Farzaneh Jahanabkhshi (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne)
Dan Ren (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne)
María C. Gélvez-Rueda (TU Delft - ChemE/Opto-electronic Materials)
Ferdinand C. Grozema (TU Delft - ChemE/Opto-electronic Materials)
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Abstract
Formamidinium (FA) lead iodide perovskite materials feature promising photovoltaic performances and superior thermal stabilities. However, conversion of the perovskite α-FAPbI3 phase to the thermodynamically stable yet photovoltaically inactive δ-FAPbI3 phase compromises the photovoltaic performance. A strategy is presented to address this challenge by using low-dimensional hybrid perovskite materials comprising guaninium (G) organic spacer layers that act as stabilizers of the three-dimensional α-FAPbI3 phase. The underlying mode of interaction at the atomic level is unraveled by means of solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, transmission electron microscopy, molecular dynamics simulations, and DFT calculations. Low-dimensional-phase-containing hybrid FAPbI3 perovskite solar cells are obtained with improved performance and enhanced long-term stability.