Print Email Facebook Twitter Hybrid collective intelligence in a human–AI society Title Hybrid collective intelligence in a human–AI society Author Peeters, Marieke M.M. (TNO; Xomnia) van Diggelen, Juriaan (TNO) Van Den Bosch, Karel (TNO) Bronkhorst, Adelbert (TNO) Neerincx, M.A. (TU Delft Interactive Intelligence; TNO) Schraagen, Jan Maarten (University of Twente; TNO) Raaijmakers, Stefan (TNO; Universiteit Leiden) Date 2020 Abstract Within current debates about the future impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on human society, roughly three different perspectives can be recognised: (1) the technology-centric perspective, claiming that AI will soon outperform humankind in all areas, and that the primary threat for humankind is superintelligence; (2) the human-centric perspective, claiming that humans will always remain superior to AI when it comes to social and societal aspects, and that the main threat of AI is that humankind’s social nature is overlooked in technological designs; and (3) the collective intelligence-centric perspective, claiming that true intelligence lies in the collective of intelligent agents, both human and artificial, and that the main threat for humankind is that technological designs create problems at the collective, systemic level that are hard to oversee and control. The current paper offers the following contributions: (a) a clear description for each of the three perspectives, along with their history and background; (b) an analysis and interpretation of current applications of AI in human society according to each of the three perspectives, thereby disentangling miscommunication in the debate concerning threats of AI; and (c) a new integrated and comprehensive research design framework that addresses all aspects of the above three perspectives, and includes principles that support developers to reflect and anticipate upon potential effects of AI in society. Subject Artificial intelligenceCollective intelligenceHuman intelligenceHuman–AI collaborationHuman–AI societyHybrid intelligence To reference this document use: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:92b05b3e-e27b-46d2-ac3a-e0080273e704 DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-020-01005-y Embargo date 2021-06-25 ISSN 0951-5666 Source AI&Society: the journal of human-centered systems and machine intelligence, 36 (1), 217–238 Bibliographical note Accepted author manuscript Part of collection Institutional Repository Document type journal article Rights © 2020 Marieke M.M. Peeters, Juriaan van Diggelen, Karel Van Den Bosch, Adelbert Bronkhorst, M.A. Neerincx, Jan Maarten Schraagen, Stefan Raaijmakers Files PDF Peeters_etal_2020_HumanAI ... submit.pdf 15.75 MB Close viewer /islandora/object/uuid:92b05b3e-e27b-46d2-ac3a-e0080273e704/datastream/OBJ/view