Residential mobility and new forms of spatial inequality in the settlement system

Residential mobility and new forms of spatial inequality in the settlement system: A comparative study of Estonia and Lithuania

Ubareviciene, Ruta (TU Delft Urban Studies; State Data Agency/Statistics Lithuania; University of Tartu; Lithuanian Centre for Social Sciences)
Kalm, Kadi (University of Tartu)
van Ham, M. (TU Delft Urbanism)
Žinys, Tautvydas (State Data Agency/Statistics Lithuania)
Kliimask, Jaak (Estonian University of Life Sciences)
Tammaru, Tiit (University of Tartu)

Urbanism

2024

This study examines how socio-spatial inequalities are associated with population concentration and de-concentration processes shaped by residential mobility. The study explores whether the patterns of residential mobility vary in different settlement system contexts. It reviews the cyclical urbanization models and the inequality of opportunities they provide in urban, suburban, and counter-urban contexts for individuals in various life stages. The theoretical models are tested by analysing individual-level data covering the entire populations of Estonia and Lithuania – two countries with similar social but different settlement system contexts. The study utilizes linked individual-level data from the 2011 and 2021 censuses, and harmonized variables in the two countries. The results show that individuals engaging in concentration, suburbanization, or de-concentration have distinct characteristics, with little differences between countries characterized with different settlement systems. While the life-course approach assumes that young people are most likely to urbanize (concentrate), those in family ages shift towards suburbanization, and older individuals tend to counter-urbanize (de-concentrate), our findings challenge these assumptions, demonstrating that young adults have a high likelihood of migration in all three directions. These findings call for more in-depth studies on the interplay between age and migration patterns that would go beyond the life-course approach and delve deeper into the residential decision-making of young people.

cyclical urbanization models
settlement systems
migration
life course
socio-spatial inequality

http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:aced0622-6a52-4362-bd41-7d23b0dc40ec

https://doi.org/10.1177/23998083241257013

2399-8083

Environment and Planning B: Urban Cities and City Science

Institutional Repository

journal article

© 2024 Ruta Ubareviciene, Kadi Kalm, M. van Ham, Tautvydas Žinys, Jaak Kliimask, Tiit Tammaru