Two-Photon Quantum Interference using a Single Nitrogen-Vacancy Center

Master thesis (2021)

Authors

A. Teepe Applied Sciences

Contributors

R. Hanson QID/Hanson Lab - QuTech Advanced Research Centre (mentor)
K.L. van der Enden QID/Hanson Lab - QuTech Advanced Research Centre (mentor)
M. Blaauboer QN/Blaauboer Group - AS (graduation committee member)
C.K. Andersen Andersen Lab - AS (graduation committee member)
Faculty
Applied Sciences, Applied Sciences
Copyright: © 2021 Annick Teepe
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Published Date

18-06-2021

Language

English

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Faculty

Applied Sciences

Abstract

Generation of high fidelity entanglement between quantum nodes is a key component of a future quantum internet. Heralded entanglement generation of two spatially separated qubit nodes can be established by interference and measurement of two photons, each entangled with one qubit state. The two-node entanglement fidelity is limited by the degree of indistinguishability of the photons, which can be measured in a Two-Photon Quantum Interference (TPQI) experiment. In this thesis, a TPQI experiment has been performed with photons emitted by a single Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) center. This self-interference experiment shows a visibility of V=0.91±0.02 and a photon indistinguishability of J=0.945 in the Monte-Carlo method obtained 1σ-confidence interval of [0.920, 0.966] after correction for system imperfections, demonstrating near-perfect indistinguishability of zero-phonon line photons emitted by a single NV center. Furthermore, an extensive TPQI model was developed that includes possible arrival time- and frequency differences of the photons. This model predicts a dark- and noise count limited V=0.79±0.06 for a future two-node NV TPQI experiment with quantum frequency-converted photons, at a distinguishable photon coincidence rate of 1.2mHz, allowing for an experimentally feasible double-click two-node entanglement fidelity of 0.89±0.03.