Electrification of a bus system with fast charging stations

Electrification of a bus system with fast charging stations: Impact of battery degradation on design decisions

Sharif Azadeh, S. (TU Delft Transport and Planning; Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam)
Vester, J. (Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam)
Maknoon, M.Y. (TU Delft Transport and Logistics)

2022

In this paper, we evaluate the cost of the electrification of an existing bus network. We propose a family of bi-objective mathematical models to demonstrate the trade-off between strategic (i.e., battery sizing and the locations of charging stations) and operational decisions (i.e., battery degradation). The proposed mathematical models investigate different charging policies and measure their impacts on overall cost. Battery degradation is estimated by a tailored and linearized semi-empirical approach and is explicitly incorporated in the proposed mixed-integer linear models. The impact of different charging policies on reducing the overall costs is evaluated for a bus network in Rotterdam. The results show that allowing for flexibility in the loss of energy levels at each bus cycle results in savings up to 17% in battery aging.

Battery degradation
Charging policies
Electrification of bus systems
Mixed-integer linear problem
Network design

http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8af275b5-6a9f-4a71-9d2d-84c7c5184d6c

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2022.103807

0968-090X

Transportation Research. Part C: Emerging Technologies, 142

Institutional Repository

journal article

© 2022 S. Sharif Azadeh, J. Vester, M.Y. Maknoon