Print Email Facebook Twitter The JOREK non-linear extended MHD code and applications to large-scale instabilities and their control in magnetically confined fusion plasmas Title The JOREK non-linear extended MHD code and applications to large-scale instabilities and their control in magnetically confined fusion plasmas Author Hoelzl, M. (Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching b. M.) Huijsmans, G. T.A. (CEA Cadarache; Eindhoven University of Technology) Pamela, S. J.P. (CCFE) Bécoulet, M. (CEA Cadarache) Nardon, E. (CEA Cadarache) Haverkort, J.W. (TU Delft Energy Technology) Hu, D. (Beihang University) Morales, J. A. (CEA Cadarache) Verbeek, M. (Eindhoven University of Technology) Date 2021 Abstract JOREK is a massively parallel fully implicit non-linear extended magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) code for realistic tokamak X-point plasmas. It has become a widely used versatile simulation code for studying large-scale plasma instabilities and their control and is continuously developed in an international community with strong involvements in the European fusion research programme and ITER organization. This article gives a comprehensive overview of the physics models implemented, numerical methods applied for solving the equations and physics studies performed with the code. A dedicated section highlights some of the verification work done for the code. A hierarchy of different physics models is available including a free boundary and resistive wall extension and hybrid kinetic-fluid models. The code allows for flux-surface aligned iso-parametric finite element grids in single and double X-point plasmas which can be extended to the true physical walls and uses a robust fully implicit time stepping. Particular focus is laid on plasma edge and scrape-off layer (SOL) physics as well as disruption related phenomena. Among the key results obtained with JOREK regarding plasma edge and SOL, are deep insights into the dynamics of edge localized modes (ELMs), ELM cycles, and ELM control by resonant magnetic perturbations, pellet injection, as well as by vertical magnetic kicks. Also ELM free regimes, detachment physics, the generation and transport of impurities during an ELM, and electrostatic turbulence in the pedestal region are investigated. Regarding disruptions, the focus is on the dynamics of the thermal quench (TQ) and current quench triggered by massive gas injection and shattered pellet injection, runaway electron (RE) dynamics as well as the RE interaction with MHD modes, and vertical displacement events. Also the seeding and suppression of tearing modes (TMs), the dynamics of naturally occurring TQs triggered by locked modes, and radiative collapses are being studied. Subject disruption mitigationdisruptionsedge localized modesELM controlMHD simulationstokamakvertical displacement events To reference this document use: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8ed12660-0714-48ca-a07b-879144170fe6 DOI https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/abf99f ISSN 0029-5515 Source Nuclear Fusion, 61 (6) Part of collection Institutional Repository Document type journal article Rights © 2021 M. Hoelzl, G. T.A. Huijsmans, S. J.P. Pamela, M. Bécoulet, E. Nardon, J.W. Haverkort, D. Hu, J. A. Morales, M. Verbeek, More Authors Files PDF Hoelzl_2021_Nucl._Fusion_ ... 065001.pdf 18.33 MB Close viewer /islandora/object/uuid:8ed12660-0714-48ca-a07b-879144170fe6/datastream/OBJ/view