Insertion of MXene-Based Materials into Cu–Pd 3D Aerogels for Electroreduction of CO₂ to Formate

The electrochemical CO₂ reduction reaction (CO₂RR) is an attractive method to produce renewable fuel and chemical feedstock using clean energy sources. Formate production represents one of the most economical target products from CO₂RR but is primarily produced using post-transition metal catalysts that...

Non-invasive current collectors for improved current-density distribution during CO₂ electrolysis on super-hydrophobic electrodes

Electrochemical reduction of CO₂ presents an attractive way to store renewable energy in chemical bonds in a potentially carbon-neutral way. However, the available electrolyzers suffer from intrinsic problems, like flooding and salt accumulation, that must be overcome to industrialize the technology. To mitigate flooding and salt...

An Advanced Guide to Assembly and Operation of CO₂ Electrolyzers

Electrochemical CO₂ reduction in membrane-electrode assemblies

Electrochemical conversion of gaseous CO₂ to value-added products and fuels is a promising approach to achieve net-zero CO₂ emission energy systems. Significant efforts have been achieved in the design and synthesis of highly active and selective electrocatalysts for this reaction and their reaction mechanism. To perform...

CO₂ Electrolysis via Surface-Engineering Electrografted Pyridines on Silver Catalysts

The electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO₂) to value-added materials has received considerable attention. Both bulk transition-metal catalysts and molecular catalysts affixed to conductive noncatalytic solid supports represent a promising approach toward the electroreduction of CO₂. Here, we report a combined...

Geometric Catalyst Utilization in Zero-Gap CO₂Electrolyzers

The electrochemical reduction of CO2 (CO2RR) on silver catalysts has been demonstrated under elevated current density, longer reaction times, and intermittent operation. Maintaining performance requires that CO2 can access the entire geometric catalyst area, thus maximizing catalyst utilization. Here we probe the time-dependent factors...

Cation-Driven Increases of CO₂Utilization in a Bipolar Membrane Electrode Assembly for CO₂Electrolysis

Advancing reaction rates for electrochemical CO2 reduction in membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) have boosted the promise of the technology while exposing new shortcomings. Among these is the maximum utilization of CO2, which is capped at 50% (CO as targeted product) due to unwanted homogeneous reactions. Using bipolar membranes in an MEA ...