How do system and user characteristics, along with anthropomorphism, impact cognitive absorption of chatbots – Introducing SUCCAST through a mixed methods study

Chatbots are radically redefining the customer service landscape. With the advent of AI-enabled chatbots, like ChatGPT, organizations are adopting chatbots to provide better customer services; however, the user experience has been given less attention. Building on IS success model and cognitive absorption theory, we posit that system and user...

Role of Grain Size and Recrystallization Texture in the Corrosion Behavior of Pure Iron in Acidic Medium

This work investigates the role of grain size and recrystallization texture in the corrosion behavior of pure iron in 0.1 M sulfuric acid solution. Annealing heat treatment was applied to obtain samples with different average grain sizes (26, 53 and 87 µm). Optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction and electron backscatter diffraction techniques...

Magnetic Coupling Based Test Development for Contact and Interconnect Defects in STT-MRAMs

The development of Spin-Transfer Torque Magnetic RAMs (STT-MRAMs) mass production requires high-quality test solutions. Accurate and appropriate fault modeling is crucial for the realization of such solutions. This paper targets fault modeling and test generation for all interconnect and contact defects in STT-MRAMs and shows that using the...

Device-Aware Test for Back-Hopping Defects in STT-MRAMs

The development of Spin-transfer torque magnetic RAM (STT-MRAM) mass production requires high-quality dedicated test solutions, for which understanding and modeling of manufacturing defects of the magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) is crucial. This paper introduces and characterizes a new defect called Back-Hopping (BH); it also provides its...

Digital citizen empowerment: A systematic literature review of theories and development models

Governments worldwide invest heavily in digital initiatives to develop information societies with connected and actively engaged citizens, but problems like lacking sustained engagement and quality of participation still plague them. We undertook a systematised literature review on the Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases, covering...

MFA-MTJ Model: Magnetic-Field-Aware Compact Model of pMTJ for Robust STT-MRAM Design

The popularity of perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction (pMTJ)-based spin-transfer torque magnetic random access memories (STT-MRAMs) is growing very fast. The performance of such memories is very sensitive to magnetic fields, including both internal and external ones. This article presents a magnetic-field-aware compact model of pMTJ, named...

Characterization, Modeling, and Test of Intermediate State Defects in STT-MRAMs

The manufacturing process of STT-MRAM requires unique steps to fabricate and integrate magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) devices which are data-storing elements. Thus, understanding the defects in MTJs and their faulty behaviors are paramount for developing high-quality test solutions. This article applies the advanced device-aware test to...

Characterization and Fault Modeling of Intermediate State Defects in STT-MRAM

Understanding the defects in magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) and their faulty behaviors are paramount for developing high-quality tests for STT-MRAM. This paper characterizes and models intermediate (IM) state defects in MTJs; IM state manifests itself as an abnormal third resistive state, apart from the two bi-stable states of MTJ. We...

Characterization, Modeling and Test of Synthetic Anti-Ferromagnet Flip Defect in STT-MRAMs

Understanding the manufacturing defects in magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs), which are the data-storing elements in STT-MRAMs, and their resultant faulty behaviors are crucial for developing high-quality test solutions. This paper introduces a new type of MTJ defect: synthetic anti-ferromagnet flip (SAFF) defect, wherein the magnetization in...

Impact of Magnetic Coupling and Density on STT-MRAM Performance

As a unique mechanism for MRAMs, magnetic coupling needs to be accounted for when designing memory arrays. This paper models both intra- and inter-cell magnetic coupling analytically for STT-MRAMs and investigates their impact on the write performance and retention of MTJ devices, which are the data-storing elements of STT-MRAMs. We present...

Understanding the impact of digital service failure on users: Integrating Tan's failure and DeLone and McLean's success model

Although information systems (IS) success has been given much attention in IS literature, failure has received lesser attention. This study empirically validates a model of digital service failure for consumers by integrating three dimensions from Tan's failure model and one dimension from DeLone and Mclean's Information Success model. The...

Defect and Fault Modeling Framework for STT-MRAM Testing

STT-MRAM mass production is around the corner as major foundries worldwide invest heavily on its commercialization. To ensure high-quality STT-MRAM products, effective yet cost-efficient test solutions are of great importance. This article presents a systematic device-aware defect and fault modeling framework for STT-MRAM to derive accurate...

Perceived usefulness, ease of use and user acceptance of blockchain technology for digital transactions–insights from user-generated content on Twitter

Although blockchain has attracted a great deal of attention from academia and industry there is a lack of studies on acceptance drivers. This study explores blockchain acceptance by mining the collective intelligence of users on Twitter. It maps blockchain user acceptance drivers to technology acceptance constructs. The analysis shows that...

Diffusion of blockchain technology: Insights from academic literature and social media analytics

Purpose: Although blockchain is often discussed, its actual diffusion seems to be varying for different industries. The purpose of this paper is to explore the blockchain technology diffusion in different industries through a combination of academic literature and social media (Twitter). Design/methodology/approach: The insights derived from...

Moving beyond Smart Cities: Digital Nations for Social Innovation & Sustainability

The next step after smart cities is the creation of digital or smart nations. A digital nation requires a national transformation across diverse institutions including the urban and rural areas of a society. Besides diverse social innovation initiatives, sustainability is a key aspect, so that rather than greenfield projects, long-term...

Polarization and acculturation in US Election 2016 outcomes – Can twitter analytics predict changes in voting preferences

Elections are among the most critical events in a national calendar. During elections, candidates increasingly use social media platforms to engage voters. Using the 2016 US presidential election as a case study, we looked at the use of Twitter by political campaigns and examined how the drivers of voter behaviour were reflected in Twitter....

The untold story of USA presidential elections in 2016 - Insights from twitter analytics

Elections are the most critical events for any nation and paves the path for future growth and prosperity of the economy. Due to its high impact, a lot of discussions take place among all stakeholders in social media. In this study, we attempt to examine the discussions surrounding USA Election, 2016 in Twitter. Further we highlight some of...