Permeation selectivity in the electro-dialysis of mono- and divalent cations using supported liquid membranes

We investigated in detail the permeation selectivity in the electro-dialysis of Na⁺, K⁺, Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺ in both binary and quaternary mixtures using a supported liquid membrane (SLM). The SLM consisted of the organic liquid 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether (NPOE) containing a lipophilic anion, i.e. tetrakis...

Separation of alkali metal cations by a supported liquid membrane (SLM) operating under electro dialysis (ED) conditions

This study demonstrates the effective separation of alkali metal cations using a Supported Liquid Membrane (SLM) containing lipophilic, negatively charged borate moieties, operating under electro dialysis conditions. The selectivity of the membrane is essentially based on differences in dehydration energy and mobility between ion species. The...

Nickel hexacyanoferrate electrodes for high mono/divalent ion-selectivity in capacitive deionization

Selective ion removal has been a point of focus in capacitive deionization because of its industrial applications such as water purification, water softening, heavy metal separation and resource recovery. Conventionally, carbon is used as electrode material for selectivity. However, recent developments focus on intercalation materials such as...

Modelling the selective removal of sodium ions from greenhouse irrigation water using membrane technology

A model is presented for the Na⁺ and K⁺ levels in the irrigation water of greenhouses, specifically those for the cultivation of tomato. The model, essentially based on mass balances, not only describes the accumulation of Na⁺ but includes a membrane unit for the selective removal of Na⁺ as well. As...