Effect of Inflammatory Signaling on Human Articular Chondrocyte Hypertrophy: Potential Involvement of Tissue Repair Macrophages

Objective: In osteoarthritis, chondrocytes tend to acquire a hypertrophic phenotype, which contributes to the modification of the extracellular matrix, resulting in permanent cartilage changes. In mouse chondrocytes, pro-inflammatory macrophages and pro-inflammatory cytokines have been shown to stimulate hypertrophy via the activation of the...