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Smith, A.L. (author)Molten salts have recently received increased attention worldwide as key materials for sustainable and low-carbon energy supply technologies (e.g. thermal energy storage, concentrated solar power technologies, fission and fusion nuclear reactors) thanks to their appealing thermo-physical properties. In particular, they are used as fuel and...review 2022
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Sassenburg, M. (author), Kelly, Maria (author), Subramanian, S.S. (author), Smith, W.A. (author), Burdyny, T.E. (author)Salt precipitation is a problem in electrochemical CO2 reduction electrolyzers that limits their long-term durability and industrial applicability by reducing the active area, causing flooding and hindering gas transport. Salt crystals form when hydroxide generation from electrochemical reactions interacts homogeneously with CO2 to generate...journal article 2022
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Miller, S.R.M. (author), Smith, Marcus (author)This article considers individual rights and fundamental tenets of the criminal justice system in the context of DNA evidence, in particular recent advancements in genomics that have significantly advanced law enforcement investigative capabilities in this area. It discusses a technique known as Investigative Genetic Genealogy (IGG) which...journal article 2022
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Cai, Yifan (author), Dahiya, Abhinav (author), Wilde, N. (author), Smith, Stephen L. (author)In this paper, we consider the problem of allocating human operator assistance in a system with multiple autonomous robots. Each robot is required to complete independent missions, each defined as a sequence of tasks. While executing a task, a robot can either operate autonomously or be teleoperated by the human operator to complete the task at...conference paper 2022
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Dutta, Shamak (author), Wilde, N. (author), Smith, Stephen L. (author)We present a new mixed integer formulation for the discrete informative path planning problem in random fields. The objective is to compute a budget constrained path while collecting measurements whose linear estimate results in minimum error over a finite set of prediction locations. The problem is known to be NP-hard. However, we strive to...conference paper 2022
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Celada-Casero, Carola (author), Vercruysse, Florian (author), Linke, Bernd (author), Smith, Ali (author), Kok, Piet (author), Sietsma, J. (author), Santofimia, Maria Jesus (author)Quenching & Partitioning (Q&P) steels owe their good strength-ductility combinations to the martensite/austenite (α’/γ) mechanical interactions and to the formation of mechanically-induced martensite (α′<sub>mech</sub>) through the transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect. An essential role is played by carbon, whose...journal article 2022
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Kolen, M. (author), Antoniadis, Grigorios (author), Schreuders, H. (author), Boshuizen, B. (author), van Noordenne, D.D. (author), Ripepi, D. (author), Smith, W.A. (author), Mulder, F.M. (author)The electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is a promising alternative to the current greenhouse gas emission intensive process to produce ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) from nitrogen (N<sub>2</sub>). However, finding an electrocatalyst that promotes NRR over the competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) has proven to be difficult. This...journal article 2022
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Martinez-Rabert, Eloi (author), van Amstel, Chiel (author), Smith, Cindy (author), Sloan, William T. (author), Gonzalez Cabaleiro, R. (author)In microbial communities, the ecological interactions between species of different populations are responsible for the spatial distributions observed in aggregates (granules, biofilms or flocs). To explore the underlying mechanisms that control these processes, we have developed a mathematical modelling framework able to describe, label and...journal article 2022
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Venugopal, A. (author), Egberts, Laurentius H.T. (author), Meeprasert, J. (author), Pidko, E.A. (author), Dam, B. (author), Burdyny, T.E. (author), Sinha, V. (author), Smith, W.A. (author)Finding alternative ways to tailor the electronic properties of a catalyst to actively and selectively drive reactions of interest has been a growing research topic in the field of electrochemistry. In this Letter, we investigate the tuning of the surface electronic properties of electrocatalysts via polymer modification. We show that when a...journal article 2022
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Smith, C.G. (author), Shepherd, Jami (author), Renaud, G.G.J. (author), van Wijk, Kasper (author)By changing the ultrasonic receiving angle in post-processing, we can obtain flow vectors from a photoacoustic experiment on a blood vessel phantom by solving the photoacoustic Doppler equation using a least-squares optimisation approach.conference paper 2022
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Burdyny, T.E. (author), Sassenburg, M. (author), de Rooij, R. (author), Nessbit, Nathan (author), Kas, R. (author), Chandrashekar, S. (author), Firet, N.J. (author), Yang, K. (author), Liu, K. (author), Blommaert, M.A. (author), Kolen, M. (author), Ripepi, D. (author), Smith, W.A. (author)Continued advancements in the electrochemical reduction of CO 2 (CO 2RR) have emphasized that reactivity,selectivity, and stability are not explicit material properties butcombined effects of the catalyst, double-layer, reaction environ-<br/>ment, and system configuration. These realizations have steadily built upon the foundational work...journal article 2022
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Brimley, Paige (author), Almajed, Hussain (author), Alsunni, Yousef (author), Alherz, Abdulaziz W. (author), Bare, Zachary J.L. (author), Smith, W.A. (author), Musgrave, Charles B. (author)Renewably driven, electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide into value-added products is expected to be a critical tool in global decarbonization. However, theoretical studies based on the computational hydrogen electrode largely ignore the nonlinear effects of the applied potential on the calculated results, leading to inaccurate...journal article 2022
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Zhou, Ying (author), Srinivasan, Prashanth (author), Körmann, F.H.W. (author), Grabowski, Blazej (author), Smith, Roger (author), Goddard, Pooja (author), Duff, Andrew Ian (author)Multi-principal-component alloys have attracted great interest as a novel paradigm in alloy design, with often unique properties and a vast compositional space auspicious for materials discovery. High entropy alloys (HEAs) belong to this class and are being investigated for prospective nuclear applications with reported superior mechanical...journal article 2022
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Kas, Recep (author), Yang, K. (author), Yewale, Gaurav P. (author), Crow, Allison (author), Burdyny, T.E. (author), Smith, W.A. (author)The electrochemical reduction of bicarbonate to renewable chemicals without external gaseous CO2 supply has been motivated as a means of integrating conversion with upstream CO2 capture. The way that CO2 is formed and transported during CO2-mediated bicarbonate reduction in flow cells is profoundly different from conventional CO2 saturated...journal article 2022
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Dumaire, T. (author), Ocadiz flores, J.A. (author), Konings, R. (author), Smith, A.L. (author)Chloride salts are considered a good alternative to fluoride salts as fuel carrier in the Molten Salt Fast Reactor concepts. The NaCl–ThCl4–PuCl3 fuel salt solution seems very promising, with low melting temperature eutectic compositions, and the potential to be used in a breeder and burner type of reactor design. This work focuses on the...journal article 2022
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Xu, Bingjie Jenny (author), Wu, Yunan (author), Hao, Pengxiao (author), Vermeulen, Marc (author), McGeachy, Alicia (author), Smith, Kate (author), Eremin, Katherine (author), Rayner, Georgina (author), Alfeld, M.W.E.M. (author)X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) plays an important role for elemental analysis in a wide range of scientific fields, especially in cultural heritage. XRF imaging, which uses a raster scan to acquire spectra pixel-wise across artworks, provides the opportunity for spatial analysis of pigment distributions based on their elemental...journal article 2022
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Noom, J. (author), Soloviev, O.A. (author), Smith, C.S. (author), Nguyen, Hieu Thao (author), Verhaegen, M.H.G. (author)We demonstrate a novel closed-loop input design technique on the detection of particles in an imaging system such as a fluorescence microscope. The probability of misdiagnosis is minimized while constraining the input energy such that for instance phototoxicity is reduced. The key novelty of the closed-loop design is that each next input is...conference paper 2022
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Ocadiz flores, J.A. (author), Konings, R. (author), Smith, A.L. (author)CALPHAD models to compute the density and viscosity of four keystone systems related to Molten Salt Reactor (MSR) technology have been optimized: NaCl-UCl<sub>3</sub>, LiF-ThF<sub>4</sub>, LiF-UF<sub>4</sub>, and LiF-ThF<sub>4</sub>-UF<sub>4</sub>. Revised thermodynamic assessments of all four systems, using the modified quasichemical...journal article 2022
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Smith, Lloyd (author), Sciacchitano, A. (author)While baseball is a popular sport with a storied history, the aerodynamic properties of the seamed sports ball are not fully understood. Reported aerodynamic baseball behaviors are primarily based on force measurements from wind tunnels. The following describes a methodology to measure baseball drag in free flight from changes in its speed. The...journal article 2022
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O'Kane, Mary (author), Smith, Joel (author), Kilbride, Rachel C. (author), Spooner, Emma L.K. (author), Duif, C.P. (author), Catley, Thomas E. (author), Washington, Adam (author), King, Stephen M. (author), Parnell, S.R. (author), Parnell, Andrew J. (author)Tailoring the solution chemistry of metal halide perovskites requires a detailed understanding of precursor aggregation and coordination. In this work, we use various scattering techniques, including dynamic light scattering (DLS), small angle neutron scattering (SANS), and spin-echo SANS (SESANS) to probe the nanostructures from 1 nm to 10...journal article 2022