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Perin, G. (author), Wu, L. (author), Picek, S. (author)The adoption of deep neural networks for profiling side-channel attacks opened new perspectives for leakage detection. Recent publications showed that cryptographic implementations featuring different countermeasures could be broken without feature selection or trace preprocessing. This success comes with a high price: an extensive...journal article 2023
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Mariot, L. (author), Picek, S. (author), R Yorgova, R.A. (author)One of the Round 3 Finalists in the NIST post-quantum cryptography call is the Classic McEliece cryptosystem. Although it is one of the most secure cryptosystems, the large size of its public key remains a practical limitation. In this work, we propose a McEliece-type cryptosystem using large minimum distance error-correcting codes derived from...journal article 2023
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Mercier, Arthur (author), Smolin, Nikita (author), Sihlovec, Oliver (author), Koffas, S. (author), Picek, S. (author)Outsourced training and crowdsourced datasets lead to a new threat for deep learning models: the backdoor attack. In this attack, the adversary inserts a secret functionality in a model, activated through malicious inputs. Backdoor attacks represent an active research area due to diverse settings where they represent a real threat. Still,...journal article 2023
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Picek, S. (author), Perin, G. (author), Mariot, L. (author), Wu, L. (author), Batina, Lejla (author)Side-channel attacks represent a realistic and serious threat to the security of embedded devices for already almost three decades. A variety of attacks and targets they can be applied to have been introduced, and while the area of side-channel attacks and their mitigation is very well-researched, it is yet to be consolidated. Deep learning...journal article 2023
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Wu, L. (author), Weissbart, L.J.A. (author), Krcek, M. (author), Li, H. (author), Perin, G. (author), Batina, Lejla (author), Picek, S. (author)The efficiency of the profiling side-channel analysis can be significantly improved with machine learning techniques. Although powerful, a fundamental machine learning limitation of being data-hungry received little attention in the side-channel community. In practice, the maximum number of leakage traces that evaluators/attackers can obtain is...journal article 2023
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Carlet, Claude (author), Picek, S. (author)We derive necessary conditions related to the notions, in additive combinatorics, of Sidon sets and sum-free sets, on those exponents d ∈ Z/(2<sup>n</sup> − 1)Z, which are such that F (x) = x<sup>d</sup> is an APN function over F<sub>2</sub>n (which is an important cryptographic property). We study to what extent these new conditions may...journal article 2023
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Kerkhof, Maikel (author), Wu, L. (author), Perin, G. (author), Picek, S. (author)Deep learning is a powerful direction for profiling side-channel analysis as it can break targets protected with countermeasures even with a relatively small number of attack traces. Still, it is necessary to conduct hyperparameter tuning to reach strong attack performance, which can be far from trivial. Besides many options stemming from the...journal article 2023
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Batina, Lejla (author), Bhasin, Shivam (author), Jap, Dirmanto (author), Picek, S. (author)This paper was selected for Top Picks in Hardware and Embedded Security 2020 and it presents a physical side-channel attack aiming at reverse engineering neural networks implemented on an edge device. The attack does not need access to training data and allows for neural network recovery by feeding known random inputs. We successfully reverse...journal article 2022
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Wu, L. (author), Perin, G. (author), Picek, S. (author)In the last decade, machine learning-based side-channel attacks have become a standard option when investigating profiling side-channel attacks. At the same time, the previous state-of-the-art technique, template attack, started losing its importance and was more considered a baseline to compare against. As such, most of the results reported...journal article 2022
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Aiolli, Fabio (author), Conti, M. (author), Picek, S. (author), Polato, M. (author)Nowadays, online services, like e-commerce or streaming services, provide a personalized user experience through recommender systems. Recommender systems are built upon a vast amount of data about users/items acquired by the services. Such knowledge represents an invaluable resource. However, commonly, part of this knowledge is public and can...journal article 2022
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Knezevic, Karlo (author), Jakobović, Domagoj (author), Picek, S. (author), Ðurasević, Marko (author)The choice of activation functions can significantly impact the performance of neural networks. Due to an ever-increasing number of new activation functions being proposed in the literature, selecting the appropriate activation function becomes even more difficult. Consequently, many researchers approach this problem from a different angle, in...journal article 2022
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Perin, G. (author), Wu, L. (author), Picek, S. (author)One of the main promoted advantages of deep learning in profiling side-channel analysis is the possibility of skipping the feature engineering process. Despite that, most recent publications consider feature selection as the attacked interval from the side-channel measurements is pre-selected. This is similar to the worst-case security...journal article 2022
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Mariot, L. (author), Picek, S. (author), Jakobovic, Domagoj (author), Leporati, Alberto (author)Reversible Cellular Automata (RCA) are a particular kind of shift-invariant transformations characterized by dynamics composed only of disjoint cycles. They have many applications in the simulation of physical systems, cryptography, and reversible computing. In this work, we formulate the search of a specific class of RCA – namely, those...journal article 2021
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Rijsdijk, J. (author), Wu, L. (author), Perin, G. (author), Picek, S. (author)Deep learning represents a powerful set of techniques for profiling side-channel analysis. The results in the last few years show that neural network architectures like multilayer perceptron and convolutional neural networks give strong attack performance where it is possible to break targets protected with various coun-termeasures....journal article 2021
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Xu, J. (author), Yang, Gongliu (author), Sun, Yiding (author), Picek, S. (author)The current navigation systems used in many autonomous mobile robotic applications, like unmanned vehicles, are always equipped with various sensors to get accurate navigation results. The key point is to fuse the information from different sensors efficiently. However, different sensors provide asynchronous measurements, some of which even...journal article 2021
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Jakobovic, Domagoj (author), Picek, S. (author), Martins, Marcella S.R. (author), Wagner, Markus (author)Boolean functions have numerous applications in domains as diverse as coding theory, cryptography, and telecommunications. Heuristics play an important role in the construction of Boolean functions with the desired properties for a specific purpose. However, there are only sparse results trying to understand the problem's difficulty. With...journal article 2021
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Heuser, Annelie (author), Picek, S. (author), Guilley, Sylvain (author), Mentens, Nele (author)Side-channel attacks represent a powerful category of attacks against cryptographic devices. Still, side-channel analysis for lightweight ciphers is much less investigated than for instance for AES. Although intuition may lead to the conclusion that lightweight ciphers are weaker in terms of side-channel resistance, that remains to be...journal article 2020
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Perin, G. (author), Chmielewski, Łukasz (author), Batina, Lejla (author), Picek, S. (author)To mitigate side-channel attacks, real-world implementations of public-key cryptosystems adopt state-of-the-art countermeasures based on randomization of the private or ephemeral keys. Usually, for each private key operation, a “scalar blinding” is performed using 32 or 64 randomly generated bits. Nevertheless, horizontal attacks based on a...journal article 2020
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Perin, G. (author), Chmielewski, Łukasz (author), Picek, S. (author)The adoption of deep neural networks for profiled side-channel attacks provides powerful options for leakage detection and key retrieval of secure products. When training a neural network for side-channel analysis, it is expected that the trained model can implement an approximation function that can detect leaking side-channel samples and, at...journal article 2020
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Wu, L. (author), Picek, S. (author)In the profiled side-channel analysis, deep learning-based techniques proved to be very successful even when attacking targets protected with countermeasures. Still, there is no guarantee that deep learning attacks will always succeed. Various countermeasures make attacks significantly more complex, and such countermeasures can be further...journal article 2020
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